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LCA, Sustainability and Techno-Economic Studies for PHA Production
Published in Martin Koller, The Handbook of Polyhydroxyalkanoates, 2020
Khurram Shahzad, Iqbal Muhammad Ibrahim Ismail, Nadeem Ali, Muhammad Imtiaz Rashid, Ahmed Saleh Ahmed Summan, Mohammad Reda Kabli, Michael Narodoslawsky, Martin Koller
The literature review reveals that the value of biological oxygen demand (BOD) for the wastewater discharge from the brewery is about 1.8 kg/hL of beer. This value is similar to the wastewater having 9 kg of BOD/m3 [23]. This value was used to compute the BOD pressure per day, with BOD load value of 6214 kg/day. The capacity of wastewater is usually stated in the units of population equivalent (PE). It is demarcated as “per capita” wastewater discharge of 0.2 m3/day or BOD load of 54 g/(inhabitant/day) for the sewage water discharge. The computed BOD load value was used to calculate the wastewater input and its relevant PE value for this project, which is 115,082.37 inhabitants [24,25]. A comparative breakdown of WWTP size based on PE value was made considering a standard WWTP facility in Vienna, as shown in Table 13.2.
Preliminary Engineering
Published in Connie Kelly Tang, Lei Zhang, Principles and Practices of Transportation Planning and Engineering, 2021
PE develops different engineering solutions iteratively, as environmental impact evaluation reveals new issues. The goal is to avoid and minimize environmental impacts, meet transportation demands, and conform to budget constraints. The PE design report, along with the corresponding environmental impact evaluation report, is presented to the lead federal agency for review and approval. Upon Federal approval, the final design will continue with the PE design.
Retrofitting of Five Preliminary Wastewater Treatment Plants in Istanbul (Turkey) to High-Rate Activated Sludge System and/or Post Oxidation
Published in Ozone: Science & Engineering, 2020
Huseyin Guven, Malhun Fakioglu, Ilknur Sinop, Izzet Ozturk
The feasibility study was conducted based on 500,000 population equivalent (PE) which corresponds to 100,000 m3/day of flowrate considering a unit wastewater generation of 200 L/capita/day. Influent wastewater COD concentration provides a basis in such an analysis and it was taken as 500 mg/L (moderate strength wastewater). Design parameters of the HRAS process are given in Table 6.