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Geographic Information Systems for Smart Spatial Planning and Management
Published in Charles Chavunduka, Walter Timo de Vries, Pamela Durán-Díaz, Sustainable and Smart Spatial Planning in Africa, 2022
Tendai Sylvester Mhlanga, Fiza Naseer
Urban sprawl is caused by many factors including but not only urban expansion coupled with unprecedented population growth, lower land values in peripheries, rural–urban migration, high rental prices and lack of affordable housing in the city centre, the development of ITC, the lack of proper planning policies and the failure of enforcement of planning regulation and poor spatial planning (Bhatta, 2010; Basudeb, 2012). These factors vary according to the structure of a society or the country’s level of development (Karakayaci, 2016). In Zimbabwe, population dynamics, changes of land tenure policies and political, social and economic factors are often cited as key drivers behind the urban sprawl (Chirisa et al., 2014; Marondedze & Schütt, 2019). All the six pillars of the smart city concept namely, smart living, smart economy, smart mobility, smart governance, smart people and smart environment are entirely subject to the functionality and resilience of the city’s soft and hard infrastructure (UN, 2016). It is the hard and soft infrastructure that attributes a city to be an ‘intelligent city’. The smart city concept provides new smart strategies to manage the complexity of urban challenges ranging from urban sprawl, environmental pollution and urbanisation to transportation. Therefore, most of these challenges are linked to urban sprawl. The implementation of the smart city concept is fundamental. Smart building, waste management, water, energy and mobility cannot be achieved in sprawl development where these infrastructure and services are poorly provided.
Urban Sprawl, Blight, and the COVID-19 Pandemic
Published in Uday Chatterjee, Arindam Biswas, Jenia Mukherjee, Sushobhan Majumdar, Advances in Urbanism, Smart Cities, and Sustainability, 2022
Anzhelika Antipova, Ehsan Momeni, Reza Banai
Urban sprawl is identified by the spread of population and jobs from the city center to the urban and suburban edge, disproportionate land consumption relative to population, leapfrog development pattern contributing to many current urban and environmental problems including increased vehicle-miles traveled, gridlock on highways and major roads, green space reduction, and conversion of green space to impervious land prone to hazardous urban flooding. To promote sustainable development and mitigate negative outcomes of urban sprawl, it needs to be efficiently monitored as well as controlled using various measures and alternatives to growth commonly referred to as “smart growth”. The importance of these movements became especially evident during the current COVID-19 pandemic due to their ability to improve the quality of life as cities across the world increasingly rely on teleworking, online commerce, and education.
Services and commerce within a walkable distance from home
Published in Michèle Pezzagno, Maurizio Tira, Town and Infrastructure Planning for Safety and Urban Quality, 2018
M. Olitsky, Y. Lerman, E. Avineri
Increasing and encouraging personal, non-motorized transportation, such as walking and cycling, is vastly supported by academic literature on walkability advantages (Talen and Koschinsky 2013; Frank et al. 2006; Jaskewicz and Besta 2014). Pedestrian oriented, mixed-use neighborhoods complement social and community engagement and improve public health by encouraging physical activity (Sallis et al. 2009; Sallis et al. 2015; Doyle et al. 2006; Leyden 2003). Compared to car-oriented neighborhoods, real-estate value, within walkable neighborhoods, is higher, and businesses enjoy up to 80% sale increase in such areas (Leinberger and Alfonzo 2012; Hack 2013). Moreover, as a result of reducing car usage and energy consumption, walkable neighborhoods decrease the ecological footprint and limit urban sprawl (Ewing et al. 2010; Van der Ryn and Calthrope 1986).
Land use/cover spatiotemporal dynamics, and implications on environmental and bioclimatic factors in Chingola district, Zambia
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2022
Jean Moussa Kourouma, Darius Phiri, Andrew T. Hudak, Stephen Syampungani
This study analyzed human-induced urban sprawl given its implications on the environment, economy, and social components of a country (increase in greenhouse gas emissions, increasing distances between residences, decreasing trend in housing affordability, increasing cost of key public services such as water supply, sanitation, public transport, waste management, electricity, etc.). A sprawled built environment also implies greater human intervention in a series of key environmental processes, which is likely to affect water quality and increase flood risk. Greater urban sprawl implies either decline in key public services or increases in subsidies in inclusive cities or wards. Urban Sprawl Index (U.S.I.) formula has been applied by many scholars across the world (Zubair 2008; Bhatta et al. 2010; Amin and Fazal 2012; Oloukoi et al. 2014). USI is a measure of the built environment in a city calculated following equation (8):
Urbanization between compactness and dispersion: designing a spatial model for measuring 2D binary settlement landscape configurations
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2019
Hannes Taubenböck, Michael Wurm, Christian Geiß, Stefan Dech, Stefan Siedentop
In contrast, in both the Global North and South, urban land use change has been described as a continuous transformation from formerly compact, concentrated land use patterns into spatially extended and morphologically less clear-cut urban configurations (Anas, Arnott, and Small 1998; Angel et al. 2011; Batty et al. 2004; Siedentop 2015; Siedentop and Fina 2010; Taubenböck et al. 2009, 2012). Most scholars argue that urban expansion has become edgeless, missing a concentration and simultaneously thinning out into fragmented peripheral areas (e.g. Angel and Blei 2016; Burger and Meijers 2012). A discontinuous and scattered spread of urban land uses into the surrounding areas of cities (‘leapfrogging’) has led to a highly complex pattern that is neither ‘urban’ nor ‘rural’ in character and is often referred to as ‘urban sprawl’ (EEA/FOEN 2016; Galster et al. 2001; Knaap et al. 2005; Siedentop 2005).
Shopping mobility and travel carbon emissions among suburban residents: lessons from Shenyang city, China
Published in Journal of Spatial Science, 2018
Jing Li, Kevin Lo, Pingyu Zhang
Over the past decade, Chinese cities have experienced rapid urban expansion, mimicking the suburbanization trends and patterns of the post-World War II United States, the world’s most car-dependent country (Cervero and Day 2010, Li 2010, Fan et al. 2014). Suburbanization/decentralization is often accompanied by dispersed spatial patterns, in which peripheral land is occupied by fragmented and sparsely populated settlements (Garcia-López 2010, Gu et al. 2017). The urban sprawl phenomenon has dramatically changed the spatial structure of cities, and has led to profound changes in travel patterns among residents, leading to an increase in motorized travel and carbon emissions as more and more people live in the suburbs (Gaschet 2002, Aguilera and Mignot 2004, Aguiléra et al. 2009, Jianhong et al. 2010).