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Bitumen and flat roofing materials
Published in Arthur Lyons, Materials for Architects and Builders, 2019
Green roofs are flat or low-pitched roofs landscaped over the waterproofing layer. The landscaping may include some hard surfaces and have access for leisure and recreational functions as well as the necessary routine maintenance. Green roofs offer not only increased life expectancy for the waterproofing layer by protecting it from physical damage, ultraviolet light and temperature extremes, but also increased usable space. Environmental advantages include reduced and delayed rainwater run-off as a Sustainable Drainage System (SuDS), as well as considerable environmental noise, thermal control, air quality and wildlife habitat benefits. Green roofs (Fig. 6.11) may be waterproofed using modified bitumen high-performance membrane systems, single-ply membrane systems or mastic asphalt. Under planting, T-grade mastic asphalt should be laid to 30 mm in three layers rather than the usual two layers to 20 mm thickness. Although the fire risk is small, there is the potential for dry vegetation to catch alight during prolonged dry periods. To reduce the hazard, it is recommended that un-vegetated strips of pavings or pebbles should surround all roof penetrations and upstands. Green roofs are divided between the intensive and the extensive systems.
Optimum numbering and sizing of infiltration-based water sensitive urban design technologies in South Australia
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Engineering, 2021
Faisal Ahammed, George Rohita Sara, Hii Paul Kai, Li Yan
Fletcher et al. (2014) reported that source-control specific storm water management techniques have different terms in different countries, i.e. Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) in Australia, Low Impact Development (LID) in the United States, Sustainable Drainage System (SuDS) in the United Kingdom and Low Impact Urban Design and Development (LIUDD) in New Zealand. Some WSUD devices are designed primarily to manage storm water through evapotranspiration processes (Broadbent et al. 2017), i.e. green roofs, rain gardens and bio-swales. With more conservative WSUD devices, in other words, ‘Infiltration-based WSUD systems’, i.e. bio-retention systems, leaky wells, infiltration systems, permeable pavements and wetlands are designed to control storm water runoff through infiltration, storage and evapotranspiration (Larenson et al. 2013). The complete controls over storm water quantity and quality have been identified as an effective means of reducing channelisation into urban waterways (Bali et al. 2017; Bali and Tlili 2018) . Storm water management guidelines have been widely developed at the national and local governments’ level; however, there is still no affirmative document that supports WSUD system nationally as a set of objectives for storm water management in Australia (Saenz and Rodriguez 2016).