Subarctic

Subarctic

Subarctic refers to a climate characterized by long winters with low temperatures and clear skies, brief cool summers, and up to 6 months of average below-freezing temperatures (0°C). It is a region where construction and maintenance of structures are challenging due to the presence of permafrost, which acts as a restrictive subsurface layer and provides a source of water through summer thaw.From: Atmosphere and Climate [2020], Energy and exergy analysis of prosumers in hybrid energy grids [2018], Ground Improvement Techniques [2019], Wetland Indicators [2019]

Climate: Classification

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Published in Yeqiao Wang, Atmosphere and Climate, 2020

Long S. Chiu

A subarctic climate has little precipitation, with monthly temperatures above 10°C for 1 to 3 months of the year, and permafrost in large parts of the area due to the cold winters. Winters within subarctic climates usually include up to 6 months of average below-freezing temperatures (0°C).

Energy and exergy analysis of prosumers in hybrid energy grids

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Published in Building Research & Information, 2018

Benjamin Manrique Delgado, Sunliang Cao, Ala Hasan, Kai Sirén

Hyvinkää is located in Uusimaa, the southernmost region of Finland. The site has a subarctic climate under the Köppen–Geiger climate classification system, which is a climate characterized by brief, cool summers and long winters with low temperatures and clear skies (Pidwirny, 2011). Solar radiation on a horizontal surface roughly corresponds to 1000 kWh/(m2·a) (Faninger-Lund, 2002). The measured average outdoor temperature during the year was 6.7°C; the total annual heating degree-days in Helsinki (just as is the case for the whole of Uusimaa) were 3464 (Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2016).

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Climate: Classification

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