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Post-fire damage assessment
Published in Feng Fu, Fire Safety Design for Tall Buildings, 2021
Petrographic analysis can determine the effects and extent of fire damage on a microscopic level. In petrographic analysis techniques, cast thin section, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope are the most widely used; electronic probe analysis is also sometimes used.
Carbonaceous fuels, their properties and testing
Published in Jaroslav Legemza, Mária Fröhlichová, Róbert Findorák, Biomass and Carbon Fuels in Metallurgy, 2019
Jaroslav Legemza, Mária Fröhlichová, Róbert Findorák
The structure of carbonaceous fuels is very complex and cannot be described merely by chemical elements it comprises. It depends on the level of coalification (in the case of fossil fuels) and the nature of formation and growth (for biomass). The macroscopic and microscopic state of this material can be explained on the example of the study of coal. The science or discipline that deals with describing composition and properties of rocks is called petrography. Petrographic properties of coal are defined on the basis of macroscopic and microscopic study [7, 28, 29, 30].
Durability of Geological Construction Materials and the use of Petrography
Published in Christer Sjöström, Durability of Building Materials and Components 7, 2018
It has been found that the durability of geological construction material is linked to their petrography. The petrography comprises the mineral composition, the distribution of these minerals in the rock, the porosity and other characteristics such as texture. By examining the petrographic characteristics, it is possible to decide which test should be performed and to make a statement on the (potential) durability of the rock. For example, the presence of swelling clay minerals indicates that alternate wet/dry cycles might lead to failure. Therefore, a wet/dry test should be incorporated in the testing programme. The procedure may look as shown in figure 1. If the characterisation and identification show that there might be problems concerning the durability, specially designed tests are performed. Otherwise, the standard testing may suffice. In that case special tests are only performed if the standard tests give problems or if special tests have been asked for.
Ultrasonic characterisation of the elastic properties of mineral aggregates used in asphalt mixtures
Published in Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2023
Valentin Donev, Olaf Lahayne, Bernhard Pichler, Lukas Eberhardsteiner
In this paper, the petrographic description of the test specimens is limited to the determination of their mineral composition and the rock classification. Typical natural rock types used in asphalt mixtures include igneous rocks (e.g. gabbro, granite, diorite, diabase, basalt, porphyry), sedimentary rocks (e.g. limestone, sandstone, dolomite), and metamorphic rocks (e.g. gneiss, marble). A petrographic analysis may be conducted using analysis of thin sections, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), chemical analysis, or other techniques (Wenk & Bulakh, 2004). In the course of this study, an X-ray powder diffraction analysis was performed at the Institute for Applied Geology of the University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU). X-ray powder diffraction is a method that allows for qualitative and semi-quantitative determination of the mineral composition of rock samples. One of the advantages of XRD is that it can be used to determine the mineral composition of crushed aggregates as well (e.g. filler, sand).
Analysis of rock slope stability for Mohmand Dam – A comparative study
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2022
Muhammad Salman Babar, Jahanzaib Israr, Gang Zhang, Umair Ali
For the current study, Petrographic analysis is performed on rockfill sample collected at site to determine its mineral composition. Petrographic analysis results are used to assess the suitability of the material to be used as concrete aggregate and to confirm the rock classification carried out in the field.