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Geospatial Analysis of Solid Waste Management in Badulla Municipality—Uva Province, Sri Lanka
Published in Uday Chatterjee, Arindam Biswas, Jenia Mukherjee, Sushobhan Majumdar, Advances in Urbanism, Smart Cities, and Sustainability, 2022
S.A. Sudusinghe, R.M.K. Ratnayake, D.K.D.A. Ranaweera
Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a term that refers to a diverse collection of waste generated in urban areas, the type of which varies by region. Normally MSW are considered non-hazardous wastes, but sometimes it can be considered toxic or hazardous wastes with the presence of toxic components in waste such as inks, batteries, paints, fabrics, and lamps (Karunarathne, 2018).
Metals
Published in Mary K. Theodore, Louis Theodore, Introduction to Environmental Management, 2021
Mary K. Theodore, Louis Theodore
During the past decade, many communities have begun to implement recycling programs to reduce the amount of waste in the municipal solid waste (MSW). While recycling has had an impact on the amount of solid waste in landfills, an abundant amount of lead still is present in MSW streams. Greater amounts of lead occur in MSW streams than amounts of cadmium; lead in MSW has grown in several areas. Lead–acid batteries contribute the greatest amount of lead to the MSW stream along with consumer electronics, glass, ceramics, and plastics. In contrast, the amount of lead contributed by soldered cans and pigments has dropped considerably.
Heavy Metal Contamination in Groundwater and Potential Remediation Technologies
Published in Vivek Kumar, Rhizomicrobiome Dynamics in Bioremediation, 2021
Yung Shen Lee, Peck Kah Yeow, Tony Hadibarata, Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) landfills are one of the major contributors and source of the contamination of groundwater due to the wastewater of leachate that consist various toxic organic pollutants (Yang et al. 2006). Previous studies showed that the main pollutants found in the aquatic environment were ammonium, chlorine, total dissolved solids, and chemical oxygen demand (Regadío et al. 2012). Drinking water standards may potentially be exposed to hazardous chemicals posing threats to the overall quality of groundwater at the site. However, even lined landfills pose threats to groundwater. This is because the liners eventually fail and leakage occurs (Sizirici and Tansel 2015). This is due to the mixture of contaminants and leachate with the aquifers. Site contamination in landfills is evident and has been recorded in several developing countries such as Tunis, Malaysia, and India (Marzougui and Ben Mammou 2006). Groundwater contamination resulting from landfills remains a problem and a major concern for developing countries since the 1970s. In China, site contamination in landfills is apparent as the groundwater contamination near those sites has become more and more obvious. The condition of groundwater in six MSW landfills in Beijing was categorized as low quality. Other indications for decreasing quality in groundwater was the high concentrations of some pollutants such as total organic carbon, dissolved methane, ammonia, and other organic pollutants (Li et al. 2008, Eschauzier et al. 2013).
An evaluation of alternatives to energy recovery from municipal solid waste part 2: energy balance and carbon footprint
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2023
Nam–Chol O, Hyo–Song Pak, Kum-Chol Om, Kwang-Hak Choe
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) management policies and legislation in many countries call for a reduction in the quantity of MSW landfilled. With regard to energy recovery from MSW, anaerobic digestion, combustion, and gasification could be the options for managing MSW while generating renewable energy (Arena, Ardolino, and Gregorio 2015a; Burnley et al. 2011). In particular energy recovery facilities need an evaluation of the effective mass and energy balance of alternatives for feeding the facility, starting from MSW. Without this information, it is impossible to determine the best alternative for managing MSW to recover renewable energy (Burnley et al. 2011). Moreover, the development of detailed mass and energy balances for each alternative offers valuable reference cases in the debate on waste management strategies (Consonni et al. 2011).
Is the pandemic masking waste management? – A review on fallout of the COVID-19 viral contagion
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2023
Mahesh Ganesapillai, Aditya Tiwari, Rishabh Mehta, Aritro Sinha, Ishita Sarkar, Bidisha Mondal, Vijayalakshmi Chellappa, Amritbir Riar
The onset of a global trend for degrading environmental conditions has culminated in a mandate to revamp development policies worldwide. The pre-existing economic growth model is no longer viable with depleting levels of natural resources. With the adoption of a sustainable growth model, the preservation of public health and the environment became a top priority (1). As a result, the importance of waste collection and safe disposal grew substantially. The provision for appropriate disposal and treatment techniques was critical for effective urban management and formulation of new policies. To this effect, the United Nations has declared waste-related services as key performance indicators of Sustainable Development Goals 11 and 12. However, the management of solid waste still poses a considerable challenge to the environment and impedes global green growth (2). Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) encompasses garbage originating in daily households, commercial sectors, and industries. According to recent findings, the volume of municipal solid waste is anticipated to surge to 2.3 billion tonnes by 2025 and 3.4 billion tonnes by 2050 (3).
Modeling energy content of municipal solid waste based on proximate analysis: R-k class estimator approach
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2022
Rotimi Adedayo Ibikunle, Adewale Folaranmi Lukman, Isaac Femi Titiladunayo, Abdul-Rahaman Haadi
Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), otherwise called garbage or trash, consists of household wastes, institutional wastes, street wastes, market waste, and waste from business centres. It excludes hazardous waste from hospitals and industries. According to Ibikunle et al. (2018), MSW includes food residue, glass/ceramic wastes, plastics, textiles, metals/tins, paper, wood, leather, nappies, slug, ash, etc. The extent of waste generation in different urban centres depends on population growth, change in fashion, consumption pattern, and technological development in such nations (Titiladunayo et al., 2018; Tozlu et al., 2016; Omari et al., 2014). Most municipals in the developing nations find it difficult to establish an efficient and sufficient waste management system, because of the financial implications on equipment and the expertise required, lack of reliable data that to be used in taking management decisions, unconsciousness, and inability to venture into WTE system (Ibikunle et al., 2020b, 2020a). Akdag et al. (2016) and Khuriati et al. (2017) also reported that efficient MSW management has become a principal environmental challenge in the metropolitan areas.