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Soils with Chemical Problems
Published in Manorama K.C. Thampatti, Problem Soils, 2023
The main visible feature of laterite is the accumulation, form, colour and consistency of iron hydroxides and oxides which impart yellow, pink, brown and red colours (5YR or redder) to the ground matrix and earthy clay. The structures of iron oxides are usually referred as concretionary, pisolitic, vesicular etc. The shape of these structures is related to topography.
Utilization of Laterite Waste in Concrete
Published in Karra Ram Chandar, B. C. Gayana, P. Shubhananda Rao, Mine Waste Utilization, 2022
B. Manjunath, Karra Ram Chandar
Approximately 30% of the laterite is wasted as scrap while cutting. So, the laterite scrap produced from the laterite quarry due to cutting needs to be processed and reused so that the finer particles of this scrap doesn’t get washed away by the rains in the coastal regions, thereby turning the colour of the river body or water body into reddish brown colour causing environmental pollution. The colour of laterite is due to iron oxide and aluminium oxide present in the laterite.
Mineral Deposits
Published in Dexter Perkins, Kevin R. Henke, Adam C. Simon, Lance D. Yarbrough, Earth Materials, 2019
Dexter Perkins, Kevin R. Henke, Adam C. Simon, Lance D. Yarbrough
Typical granites contain about 8 wt% aluminum. Chemical weathering, such as described above, can increase the aluminum concentration to between 25 and 30 wt%—a concentration factor of three to four. Thus, a warm climate and lots of water can transform normal granite into a reddish aluminum-rich soil, like the soil shown in Figure 13.13. This aluminum-rich soil is called laterite. Laterites commonly lithify partly, or completely, to become a rock, and some geologists use the term laterite as both a soil name and a rock name. Lateritic rocks that are particularly enriched in aluminum, like the deposit shown in Figure 13.13, are called bauxite. Thus, laterites and bauxites are the residue left behind after chemical weathering of granite. And, in bauxite, the aluminum that was originally in orthoclase and albite is in aluminum hydroxide minerals, including primarily boehmite, diaspore, and gibbsite.
Probabilistic slope stability assessment of laterite borrow pit using artificial neural network
Published in International Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 2022
Due to the exponential population growth in developing countries and the consequential rapid urbanization, there is an increase in the construction of roads, buildings and other civil engineering structures. This has led to high demand for engineering construction materials. Laterite is one of the engineering materials majorly used as fills for embankments and earth dams, foundations for roads, airfield pavements, production of earth bricks etc. (Oyelami and Van Rooy 2016a; Kahl 1976). Laterite, which is commonly found in the humid tropical and subtropical zones of the world, is a type of residual soil that contains extremely variable amounts of iron and aluminium oxides (Pinard et al. 2014; Kahl 1976; Alexander and Cady 1963). Laterite is excavated from the earth surface leading to the creation of borrow pits around construction sites. The pits are often abandoned after construction activities without reclamation, especially in some developing countries.
Waste crushed rock stabilised lateritic soil and spent carbide blends as a road base material
Published in Geomechanics and Geoengineering, 2021
S. S. R. Gidigasu, K. A. Lawer, S. K. Y. Gawu, Endene Emmanuel
Laterites and lateritic soils are the most naturally occurring and readily available soils in Ghana and many other African countries. They are extensively used for road, runway, railway sleepers, and airfield construction as sub-base and base materials (Gidigasu and Kuma 1987, Gawu and Gidigasu 2013, Anon 2014). Although some laterite soils (especially lateritic gravelly soils) are quite useful in pavement construction, particularly those with appropriate geotechnical characteristics, their limited availability and or depletion poses a challenge to constructing durable roads and highways (Alayaki 2012).
Mechanical characteristics of cement stabilised granular lateritic soils for use as structural layer of pavement
Published in Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2020
Dipti Ranjan Biswal, Umesh Chandra Sahoo, Suresh Ranjan Dash
In twentieth century, some studies have been conducted on characterisation of lateritic soils found in different African countries, Brazil and Australia (Charman, 1988; Fall, Tisot, & Cisse, 1997; Fall, Sawangsuriya, Benson, Edil, & Bosscher, 2008; Gidigasu, 1976; Iyer & Williams, 1997). Geotechnical properties of lateritic soils mostly depend on the parent rock, degree of laterisation, and the nature of cementing or sesquioxide minerals (Bayewu, Olountola, Mosuro, & Adeniyi, 2012; Iyer & Williams, 1997; Lyons, 1971; Fall et al., 1997).