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Ecosystems
Published in Earle A. Ripley, E. Robert Redmann, Adèle A. Crowder, Tara C. Ariano, Catherine A. Corrigan, Robert J. Farmer, L. Moira Jackson, Environmental Effects of Mining, 2018
A. Ripley Earle, Robert E. Redmann, Adèle A. Crowder, Tara C. Ariano, Catherine A. Corrigan, Robert J. Farmer, Earle A. Ripley, E. Robert Redmann, Adèle A. Crowder, Tara C. Ariano, Catherine A. Corrigan, Robert J. Farmer, L. Moira Jackson
Because of the vast areas in biomes, it is useful to be able to “place” a mining operation within some smaller geographic unit about which predictions can be made. Within biomes, ecoclimatic regions are defined as broad areas of the earth’s surface characterized by distinct ecological responses to climate, as expressed by vegetation and reflected in soils, wildlife, and water (Ecoregions Working Group 1989). In the 1980s, a comprehensive classification of the ecosystems of Canada was drawn up to transcend previous systems designed for specific resource sectors and to describe the ecological setting in which all resource uses take place. The resulting system (Wiken 1986; Burnett 1991) is hierarchical, consisting of 15 ecozones (shown in Figure 2.3), 47 ecoprovinces, 177 ecoregions, and 5395 ecodistricts.
Benthic macroinvertebrates
Published in E. B. Welch, J. M. Jacoby, T. Lindell, Pollutant Effects in Freshwater, 2004
E. B. Welch, J. M. Jacoby, T. Lindell
Furthermore, the definition of reference conditions is often critical to the interpretation of biological survey data (Barbour et al., 1999). Reference conditions are typically either site-specific or regional. Site-specific reference conditions are usually measured at a site upstream from a point source of pollution or from a 'paired' watershed, whereas regional reference conditions are derived from least disturbed sites within the same ecoregion. The ecoregion approach is based on the assumption that water bodies reflect the lands they drain and that similar lands should produce similar water bodies in terms of water quality and biota (Omernik, 1987). Ecoregion boundaries are based on regional patterns in soils, vegetation, geology, climate and physiography. Ecoregions have been found to be helpful in conducting environmental assessments, setting regional resource management goals, and developing biological criteria and water quality standards (Omernik, 1995).
HiLPD-GEE: high spatial resolution land productivity dynamics calculation tool using Landsat and MODIS data
Published in International Journal of Digital Earth, 2023
Tong Shen, Xiaosong Li, Yang Chen, Yuran Cui, Qi Lu, Xiaoxia Jia, Jin Chen
Ecoregions are region-wide ecosystems that represent different combinations of biodiversity and have natural (not political) boundaries (Dinerstein et al. 2017). The RESOLVE Ecoregions dataset (GEE Collection Snippet: RESOLVE/ECOREGIONS/2017) was updated in 2017. It provides descriptions of 846 terrestrial ecoregions worldwide and includes eight realms and 14 biomes, of which six are forests, and eight are not.