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Nanotherapeutics: Enabling Vitamin D3 as a Multifaceted Nutraceutical
Published in Bhupinder Singh, Minna Hakkarainen, Kamalinder K. Singh, NanoNutraceuticals, 2019
Krantisagar S. More, Vinod S. Ipar, Amit S. Lokhande, Anisha A. D’souza, Padma V. Devarajan
Vitamin D3 toxicity is caused by excessively high doses, which can result in serum levels of 750 nmol/L and greater (Jones, 2008). Hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia are responsible for producing most of the symptoms of vitamin D3 toxicity (Vieth, 2007; Alshahrani and Aljohani, 2013). Early symptoms of vitamin D3 toxicity include gastrointestinal disorders such as anorexia, diarrhea, constipation, nausea, and vomiting, headache, weakness, dry mouth, somnolence, muscle pain, metallic taste, and bone pain. Symptoms and signs of hypercalciuria, nephrocalcinosis, ectopic calcification, nephrocalcinosis, hypertension, and cardiac arrhythmias and endocrine disorders such as primary hyperparathyroidism are also indicators of vitamin D toxicity (Ketha et al., 2015; Schwalfenberg, 2007).
Weekly Vitamin D3 supplementation improves aerobic performance in combat sport athletes
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2021
Andrew Marley, Marie Clare Grant, John Babraj
We demonstrate for the first time the impact of supraphysiological supplementation with vitamin D3 on aerobic performance outcomes in combat sports. The most effective dose examined is 50,000IU.week−1 and there is no advantage to increasing dose on performance measures. Given the magnitude of improvements seen in this study for both upper and lower body performance then supplementation with high dose vitamin D3 should be recommended to recreational combat athletes. However, vitamin D toxicity, although rare, can be life-threatening with symptoms including apathy, vomiting, polyuria, polydipsia, gastrointestinal cramps, elevated blood calcium and kidney damage (Marcinowska-Suchowierska, Kupisz-Urbańska, Łukaszkiewicz, Płudowski, & Jones, 2018). As such, supplementation should be undertaken under the guidance of a trained dietician. Nevertheless, it appears that six weeks of supplementation of up to 110,000IU’s is safe and causes no adverse effects with six weeks of 50,000IU’s of vitamin D supplementation recommended as optimal to reverse deficiency (Maughan et al, 2018) and convey performance benefits to recreational combat sport athletes.