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Toxicological Chemistry
Published in Stanley Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2017
Examples of endogenous substances in organisms include various hormones, glucose (blood sugar), and some essential metal ions, including Ca2+, K+, and Na+. The optimum level of calcium in human blood serum occurs over a rather narrow range of 9–9.5 mg/dL. Below these values, a deficiency response known as hypocalcemia occurs, manifested by muscle cramping. At serum levels above approximately 10.5 mg/dL, hypercalcemia occurs, the major effect of which is kidney malfunction.
Toxicological Chemistry
Published in Stanley E. Manahan, Environmental Chemistry, 2022
Examples of endogenous substances in organisms include various hormones, glucose (blood sugar), and some essential metal ions, including Ca2+, K+, and Na+. The optimum level of calcium in human blood serum occurs over a rather narrow range of 9–9.5 mg/dL. Below these values, a deficiency response known as hypocalcemia occurs, manifested by muscle cramping. At serum levels above approximately 10.5 mg/dL, hypercalcemia occurs, the major effect of which is kidney malfunction.
Deciphering water quality using WQI and GIS in Tummalapalle Uranium Mining area, Cuddapah Basin, India
Published in Water Science, 2020
M. Pramod Kumar, K. Nagalakshmi, N. Jayaraju, T. Lakshmi Prasad, B. Lakshmanna
Calcium plays a vital role in physiology and biochemistry of the cell and organisms. Consumption of water which is higher in the concentration of the Ca shows adverse effects on human health viz. formation of stones in kidneys, bone weakness, and hypercalcemia, etc. In the study area, Calcium varied from 66.3 to 128.6 mg/L with an average of 91.4 mg/L. The maximum permissible limit of Ca in groundwater is 75 mg/L. The spatial map shows a higher concentration of Ca mostly in the central and southern portions of the study area (Figure 3(e)). Higher concentrations of Ca ion in the water samples might have resulted in the carbonate weathering of country rocks like dolomite and massive limestone besides agricultural waste runoff.