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Biocatalysis in Green Biosolvents
Published in Ahindra Nag, Greener Synthesis of Organic Compounds, Drugs and Natural Products, 2022
Margherita Miele, Laura Ielo, Vittorio Pace, Andrés R. Alcántara
Likewise, Kanerva and coworkers153 described the regioselective acylation of methyl α-D-galacto-, -gluco- and mannopyranosides with fluorinated β-lactams (catalyzed by lipases, to furnish 6-O-acylated glycopyranoside–β-amino acid conjugates (Table 1, entry #20). The use of β-lactams as acyl donor makes the process irreversible, rendering the (S)-6-O-acylated sugar and a mixture of (R)-lactam and (S)-β-amino acid (from background hydrolysis). In the initial screening, several immobilized lipases were tested, being Burkholderia cepacia lipase adsorbed on celite (lipase PS-D) the best option. The organic solvents tested were tert-amyl alcohol (tAmOH, water-soluble) and water-insoluble MTBE and 2-MeTHF. Although the starting methyl β-glycopyranosides were poorly soluble in these last two solvents, the presence of other reagents and products positively shifted the equilibrium. Conversion (53–60% after 48 h) and optical purity (98–99%) were similar for the three solvents. Remarkably, 2-MeTHF was also used by these authors in the chemical synthesis of racemic azetidinones via a modified Reformatsky addition.153
Biocatalytic production of ricinoleic acid from castor oil: augmentation by ionic liquid
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2020
Abir Lal Bose, Debajyoti Goswami
Porcine pancreas lipase (type II, activity 100 − 500 units/mg protein, where one-unit activity is equivalent to production of 1 μmole of fatty acid per hour) was procured from Sigma-Aldrich Co., Germany. Castor oil was purchased from Indian Drug House, India. Ethanol (99.9% purity) was obtained from Changshu Hongsheng Fine Chemical Co., China. Acetone (>99.8%), toluene (>99.5%), oxalic acid, isooctane (>99.5%), hexane (>96%), tert–butanol (>99%), glycine (>99.7%), potassium hydroxide (>85%), sodium dihydrogen phosphate (>99.9%) and disodium hydrogen phosphate (>99%), orthophosphoric acid, phenolphthalein indicator, HPLC grade water, HPLC grade ethanol (>99.9%), and HPLC grade acetonitrile (99.9%) were purchased from Merck India Limited, India. N-hexanol (98%) and tert–amyl alcohol (99%) were purchased from Loba Chemie, India. Diethyl ether (>99%) was obtained from Spectrochem, India. Absolute ethanol was purchased from Merck Millipore, Germany. Ionic liquid named 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([BMIM][PF6]) was procured from SRL, India.
Biodegradation of diisopropyl ether, ethyl tert-butyl ether, and other fuel oxygenates by Mycolicibacterium sp. strain CH28
Published in Bioremediation Journal, 2022
Ingrid Zsilinszky, Balázs Fehér, István Kiss, Attila Komóczi, Péter Gyula, Zsolt Szabó
The ability of strain CH28 to utilize the following substrates as the sole carbon and energy sources was tested in SMM: methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, propionaldehyde, acetone, formate, acetate, pyruvate, citrate, n-hexane, n-decane, n-undecane, n-dodecane, n-hexadecane, n-octadecane, n-eicosane, n-docosane, pristane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, phenol, naphthalene, diethyl ether, MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, TBA, tert-amyl alcohol (TAA), anisole, 1,4-dimethoxybenzene, diphenyl ether, tetrahydrofuran (200–200 mg l−1 each), and formaldehyde (40 mg l−1).