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Penicillin, Cephalosporin, and Streptomycin Production
Published in Debabrata Das, Soumya Pandit, Industrial Biotechnology, 2021
Streptomycin is an antibiotic (antimycobacterial) drug, first discovered in a class of drugs called aminoglycosides and was the first antibiotic remedy for tuberculosis. It is derived from the actinobacterium Streptomyces griseus. Streptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic. Streptomycin may not be administered orally but must be administered by regular intramuscular injections (Dulaney and Perlman, 1947).
Effect of streptomycin sulphate on the nitrification system in activated sludge: insight into nitrification characteristic, antibiotic resistance gene and microbial community
Published in Environmental Technology, 2023
Bairen Yang, Lingling Li, Xiangqian Xiao, Qingyuan Guo
NH4Cl, NaHCO3, KH2PO4 and microelements including MgSO4·7H2O, CaCl2 and FeCl3·6H2O were added into eight 250 mL conical flasks with activated sludge, the ammonia concentration was about 100 mg/L. The ammonia dose was chosen based on ammonia concentrations frequently reported in antibiotic production wastewater [37,38]. For laboratory theoretical research, 0 mg/L, 5 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 15 mg/L, 20 mg/L streptomycin sulphate was added into five conical flasks, respectively, while the conical flask with 0 mg/L streptomycin sulphate was considered as the control group. The streptomycin sulphate dose was chosen based on antibiotic concentrations reported in antibiotic production wastewater [34,37,38]. MLSS was 3073 ± 32 mg/L, initial pH was 8.3 ± 0.2, dissolved oxygen (DO) was 4.0 ± 0.2 mg/L, triplicate experiments were conducted with normal room temperature, the specific ammonia oxidation rate (SAOR) calculated based on ammonia concentration variation and corresponding activated sludge concentration at different streptomycin sulphate levels.
Papaya (Carica papaya) leaves extract based synthesis, characterizations and antimicrobial activities of CeO2 nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs)
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2023
Naveen Chandra Joshi, Tripti Negi, Prateek Gururani
The antimicrobial activities of green synthesized CeO2 NPs were investigated using the well diffusion method against a variety of bacteria and fungi, including Streptococcus mutans (MTCC-890), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MCC-2625), Bacillus subtilis (MCC-2725), Escherichia coli (MCC-3099), Aspergillus fumigatus (MTCC-343) and Aspergillus niger (MTCC-282). 20 ml liquid media (MHA) was poured into sterile petri dishes and solidified. The solid media was used to disseminate the bacterial and fungal cultures. On petri plates, CeO2 NPs were placed into 6 mm wells. As a control, the aminoglycoside antibiotic streptomycin was utilized. After incubation periods of 24 hours at 37 °C for bacterial species and 3 days at 24 °C for fungal species, substantial zones of inhibition were obtained around the CeO2 NPs.
Syntheses and structural characterization of metal complexes of 4-(naphthalen-1-yl)-1-(quinolin-2-yl)methylene)thiosemicarbazide: their in-vitro screening studies for antitubercular activity
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2022
Pooja Lokesh Hegde, Krishna Naik, Satish S. Bhat, Sabiha A. Shaikh, Ray J. Butcher, Naveen S., N. K. Lokanath, Vidyanand K. Revankar
All the synthesized compounds were tested for antitubercular activity against the Mtb H37Rv strain using MABA [33]. The anti-TB activities of 1 and 2 were higher when compared to the free ligand HL (Table 3). The inhibition activity of 3 improved significantly with a MIC value of 13.75 μM. This was better than the standard drug pyrazinamide (25.38 μM) and comparable to streptomycin and ciprofloxacin. Such increased activity of the metal chelates could be explained based on Tweedy’s chelation theory [52]. Chelation can increase lipophilicity, which in turn helps in the permeability of the moiety through the cell membrane of the target making it easier for the metal complexes to disturb the cell metabolism and thus restrict further growth of the organisms [53].