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Other Reactions from Gloves
Published in Robert N. Phalen, Howard I. Maibach, Protective Gloves for Occupational Use, 2023
T. Bullock, A. Sood, J.S. Taylor
Ortho-phthalaldehyde (OPA) is a disinfectant for heat-sensitive medical equipment that has recently been introduced to the hospital setting and is gaining popularity. It is often used as an alternative to glutaraldehyde sterilization due to its superior anti-mycobactericidal activity. Though OPA is more effective than glutaraldehyde at disinfecting, it appears to be more irritating, even when compared in lower concentrations of OPA.128 Ortho-phthalaldehyde is an aromatic dialdehyde that has a barely perceptible odor and might be a dermal and respiratory sensitizer. Many allergic reactions including anaphylaxis, urticaria, angioedema, and severe pruritus have been reported.129 Many protective gloves are permeable to OPA, and individuals working with OPA-sterilized equipment should take proper precautions. Nitrile gloves appear to be much more resistant to OPA than vinyl gloves.130
Symmetrical Monomers Containing Other Multiple Bonds
Published in George B. Butler, Cyclopolymerization and Cyclocopolymerization, 2020
The cyclic unit formed in the cyclopolymerization of dialdehydes would possess two alkoxy substituents with either cis- or trans-configurations. The steric structure of the cyclic unit in polysuccinnaldehyde was determined from a comparison of the IR spectra of the polymer and model compounds, the trans-configuration being predominant with a Zn(C2H5)2-CH3OH catalyst and comparable amounts of the cis- and trans-configurations present with a BF3O(C2H5)2 catalyst.49 A similar study was carried out for polymalealdehyde.54 Determination of the configuration of the cyclic unit of poly(o-phthalaldehyde) was carried out, and it was found that the trans-configuration was predominant with coordinated anionic catalysts (See Table 5-1).51
Liquid Chromatography
Published in Ernő Pungor, A Practical Guide to Instrumental Analysis, 2020
Amino acid analysis is widely used in biochemistry. Determination of primary structure of proteins and peptide sequencing all require a sensitive and selective method for amino acid analysis. For the analysis of protein structure possessing only small amounts of sample are available. Amino acids processing no significant chromophores or fluorophores in addition to this in a complex mixture large number of substance may be interfere with amino acids. Amino acid analyzers were developed based on ion exchange and operated in post-column derivatization mode utilized either ninhidrin or other fluorogenic reagents such as o-phthalaldehyde. These instruments have been used in different fields, but they have some shortcomings: high cost of instrumentation, long analysis time, and inadequate separation and detection limit for some solutes such as proline, hydroxyproline, cysteine, and cystine. Using HPLC most of the shortcomings can be overcome. It has been demonstrated that o-phthalaldehyde in the presence of either ethanethiol or mercaptoethanol can react with amino acids rapidly.
Isolation and identification of naphthalene degrading bacteria and their degradation characteristics under rainwater environment in heavily polluted areas
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2021
Jiaying Zhou, Xiaodan Fan, Jinjia Li, Xueqi Wang, Zhengtong Yuan
The results of GC–MS indicated that WJ-1 degraded naphthalene to produce four intermediate compounds as shown in Figures 8 and 9. Under the influence of the complex composition of rainwater, distractors were introduced in the process of oxidation, and atypical naphthalene degradation products were produced. Naphthalene underwent oxidation followed by ring fission to produce 3,4-dihydronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid; then, oxidation continued by ring fission to produce o-phthalaldehyde and 3-(2-oxo-cyclohex-3-enyl)-propionic acid. Although GC–MS did not detect phthalic acid, o-phthalaldehyde might undergo oxidation and produce phthalic acid with a short time. Then, phthalic acid may undergo ring fission followed by hydroxylation to produce levulinic acid. 3-(2-Oxo-cyclohex-3-enyl)-propionic acid underwent ring fission followed by demethylation to also produce phthalic acid. Levulinic acid can be further metabolized into water and carbon dioxide through the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCR).
Viburnum opulus fruit extract-capped gold nanoparticles attenuated oxidative stress and acute inflammation in carrageenan-induced paw edema model
Published in Green Chemistry Letters and Reviews, 2022
Cristina Bidian, Gabriela Adriana Filip, Luminița David, Bianca Moldovan, Ioana Baldea, Diana Olteanu, Mara Filip, Pompei Bolfa, Monica Potara, Alina Mihaela Toader, Simona Clichici
Type IV lambda-carrageenan, indomethacin, carboxymethylcellulose, o-phthalaldehyde, 2-thiobarbituric acid, Bradford reagent, t-butyl hydroperoxide, and glutathione reductase were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Chemicals GmbH (Germany). EDTA-Na2 was purchased from Merck KGaA Darmstadt (Germany) and absolute ethanol and EDTA-Na2 were purchased from Chimopar (Bucharest). ELISA tests for cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-6, and IL-10) were purchased from Luminex Corporation (Austin, TX, USA). Antibodies against COX-2, iNOS, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) were procured from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). All reagents were of high-grade purity.
Assessment of occupational exposure to airborne chlorine dioxide of healthcare workers using impregnated wipes during high-level disinfection of non-lumened flexible nasoendoscopes
Published in Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2018
Yoke Bee Chang, Fook Yuan Lee, Meh Meh Goh, David Keung-Hung Lam, Agnes Beng-Hoi Tan
In the Otolaryngology Outpatient Clinics of a public hospital in Singapore, a three-step process involving Cidex OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde), a high level disinfectant had been used for reprocessing heat sensitive reusable semi-critical medical devices. However, due to the health hazard concerns from open handling of the aqueous solution and longer turnaround time (average 20 min) for the reprocessing of the non-lumened flexible nasoendoscopes, Cidex OPA was replaced in 2017 by commercial citric acid-impregnated non-wovened wipes.