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Human Energy
Published in Eduardo Rincón-Mejía, Alejandro de las Heras, Sustainable Energy Technologies, 2017
José Antonio Aguilar Becerril, Diana Gabriela Pinedo Catalán, Paola Yazmín Jiménez Colín, Jaime Manuel Aguilar Becerril
Most spirometers calculate normal values, from patient’s data (gender, age, height, and weight). The simplest handheld spirometers produce FEV1 and forced expiratory vital capacity (FEVC) readings, while advanced spirometers produce traces of exhaled air’s volume and a volume–time curve. Electronic devices also display flow–volume curves. There are other settings to measure, such as vital capacity, which is the maximum volume of air exhaled or inhaled during either a maximal LY forced (FVC) or a slow (VC) maneuver; if FVC and VC are equal at least an airflow obstruction is present. The relation FEV1/VC is forced expiratory volume in 1 s expressed as a percentage of the VC or FVC express airflow limitation. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) is the maximal expiratory flow rate achieved.
Occupational respiratory diseases
Published in Chris Winder, Neill Stacey, Occupational Toxicology, 2004
The maximum rate of air flow that can be achieved during expiration is called the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). This can be measured using a peak flow meter and healthy subjects have a PEFR of 400 to 600L/min.
Artificial neural network modeling and exposure assessments: a new scaling approach
Published in Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, 2021
The pulmonary Function Tests (PFT) are spirometeric tests for examining the health of lungs mechanism. PFTs are scaling out various physiological parameters. The physiological parameters are the key indicators of lung compliances i.e. volume and flow from lungs. The significance of spirometeric parameters is give below from children’s aspect.Force Vital Capacity (FVC): Total amount of air that can be forcefully expired as quickly as possible after taking deep possible breath. It is expressed in liter. It is used to find strength and capacity of lungs wall for COPD detection.Peak Expiratory Flow (PEF): Rate of airflow attained during a forced expiration. This parameter measures how fast a person can exhale air and it is expressed in liter per second. This parameter has the significance to observe the restrictions in windpipe and elasticity.Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1): Total amount of air blown in 1 second. It is expressed in liter per second. This parameter is used to observe the restrictions in endothelial compliances of alveolar sacs.Force Expiratory Flow in 25 to 75% (FEF25–75%): Flow measurement over the middle half of FVC i.e., from the 25% level to 75%. It is expressed in liter per second. This parameter is used to observe the stiffness of lungs mechanism.Tiffanie Index: It is percentile ratio of FEV1/FVC parameters. The Tiffanie index is a key indicator for obstructions in lungs mechanisms of children. In case of children, the ratio more than 80% is indicating healthy lungs.