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Allergic Contact Dermatitis from Rubber and Plastic Gloves
Published in Robert N. Phalen, Howard I. Maibach, Protective Gloves for Occupational Use, 2023
Dihydroxydiphenyl (DOD) and monobenzyl ether of hydroquinone (monobenzone) have at least previously been used in the manufacture of rubber gloves. A case of allergy caused by DOD in neoprene gloves has been reported.52 It was also the cause of glove dermatitis in four surgeons and a nurse.53 Two glove-allergic patients in the FIOH also reacted to DOD in the 1980s.3 In 1991–2000 not one of 159 rubber-allergic patients reacted to DOD; 3 reacted to monobenzone.50 The chemical has also been reported as a cause of occupational rubber glove-induced leukoderma.6 Nowadays DOD and monobenzone are not included in even extensive rubber chemical patch test series, and thus they are excluded from the statistics of rubber chemical sensitivity. As a result, manufacturers may draw a false conclusion and consider them non-sensitizers.
Formulation and characteristic evaluation of tacrolimus cubosomal gel for vitiligo
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2022
Sanjana A, Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed, B.H. Jaswanth Gowda, Suprith Surya
Topical application of monobenzone (60%) resulted in depigmentation in mice. A minor pigmentation appeared initially in the applied area and gradually expanded. The white patches spread over time, with the possibility of substantial depigmentation over most parts of the body. At the end of four weeks, each animal applied with monobenzone showed a complete depigmentation and defoliation. Severe inflammation with a massive exudate was observed on the rear neck. A previous study revealed that the monobenzone (60%) application-induced depigmentation on mice supports our results.[30] The animals with depigmentation were treated with cubosome gel and marketed formulation and compared with the untreated control. Photographs of the neck portion after treatment are shown in Figure 7. The results showed a significant reduction in depigmentation in animals treated with cubosome gel and marketed formulation compared to the untreated animals. The animals treated with cubosome gel formulation commence repigmentation within 60 days. Patchy repigmentation was observed in the marketed formulation-treated group, whereas repigmentation is homogenous in the cubosome gel treated group. Observations for a couple of months after treatment revealed that the repigmentation process was significant and comparable in both cubosome gel and marketed formulation. Overall, cubosome gel may provide a substantial cure for vitiligo (Table S4).