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(Aloe barbadensis)
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Swati Gokul Talele, Tatiana G. Volova, A. K. Haghi, Biologically Active Natural Products, 2020
Vaibhav Shende, Debarshi Kar Mahapatra
Microparticles are also outlined as a particulate dispersion or solid particles with size within the range of 1 µm–1000 µm. In these systems, the drug is entrapped, dissolved, encapsulated, or connected to a microparticles matrix. Relying upon the strategy of preparation, microparticles, microcapsules, and microspheres are obtained. Microparticles are the compound entities within which the drug is physically and uniformly spread. Microparticulate drug delivery system is the one in every of the simplest processes to supply the sustained and controlled delivery of drugs to provide long periods of your time. The system contains little particles of solid or small droplets of liquids enclosed by walls of natural and artificial compound films of variable thickness and permeableness that acts as a unleash rate dominant substance [22].
Nanomedicines for Ocular NSAIDs: State-of-the-Art Update of the Safety on Drug Delivery
Published in Lajos P. Balogh, Nano-Enabled Medical Applications, 2020
Joana R. Campos, Joana Araújo, Elisabet Gonzalez-Mira, Maria A. Egea, Elena Sanchez-Lopez, Marta Espina, Selma B. Souto, Maria L. Garcia, Eliana B. Souto
Microparticles consist of micronized drug particles for intravitreal injection, but also consist of micronized polymer/drug matrix-like structures (microspheres) or polymer-coated microparticles (microcapsules), that are applied topically to the eye surface. Microparticles are solid drug carriers (1–1000 µm) capable of providing sustained and controlled release of loaded active agents. According to their structure, microparticles can receive the name of microcapsules (reservoir structure) and microspheres (matrix structure). They can be too large for intravitreal injections where nanoparticles with diameters of less than 200 nm have been shown to result in more effective drug delivery to the retina than larger particles [82, 195]. The use of microparticles for topical therapies is not very common due to their short contact time on the ocular surface, and it is also important to know that the size of microparticles has to be controlled to be less than 10 µm to avoid possible eye irritation [196, 197]. The advantage of microparticles for intraocular administrations is that they can be injected in the form of suspensions by using conventional needles. Microparticles are typically dispersed in a physiological vehicle (phosphate buffer or balanced salt solutions), but sometimes viscous vehicles, such as hyaluronic acid or hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, are used to improve the injectability of the suspensions [198].
Starch based Polymers for Drug Delivery Applications
Published in Akhilesh Vikram Singh, Bang-Jing Li, Polysaccharides in Advanced Drug Delivery, 2020
Fernando G. Torres, Omar P. Troncoso
Microparticles are particles in the micrometre size range. These particles can be used as drug carriers. Drugs are incorporated in the form of solid solutions or solid dispersions, or they are adsorbed or chemically bounded. For instance, Baimark et al. (Y; Srisa-ard, M; Srihanam, P) have studied the morphology and thermal stability of silk fibroin/starch blended microparticles. Biodegradable microparticles of silk fibroin (SF)/starch blends were prepared by a simple water-in-oil emulsion solvent diffusion technique. The influence of SF/starch ratios on characteristics of the blended microparticles was investigated. The results suggested that SF conformational transition, thermal stability, morphology and dissolution of the blended microparticles can be adjusted by varying the blended ratio.
Formulation characteristics of monodisperse structured lipid microparticles using microchannel emulsification
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2022
Hanxiao Wang, Mitsutoshi Nakajima, Marcos A. Neves, Kunihiko Uemura, Setsuko Todoriki, Isao Kobayashi
Microchannel emulsification (MCE), which requires a very low energy input (103–104 J/m3) (Kobayashi et al. 2015), was proposed in the late 1990s (Kawakatsu, Kikuchi, and Nakajima 1997). Uniformly sized droplets can be generated by pressurizing a dispersed phase through microchannels (MCs) formed by firmly attaching the microfabricated plate of an MC array plate onto a transparent flat plate. In principle, MCE enables real-time monitoring of the droplet generation process, thereby leading to a better understanding of the droplet generation phenomena and easier controllability of the emulsion preparation (Kawakatsu, Kikuchi, and Nakajima 1996). Monodisperse emulsions with droplet diameters of 1–550 µm and CVs of <5% can be formulated using MCE (Vladisavljević, Kobayashi, and Nakajima 2012). Monodisperse SoLMs were successfully obtained by temperature-controlled MCE (Sugiura et al. 2000). Previous MCE studies also indicated that monodisperse emulsions and their secondary products have the potential to improve droplet/particle stability and control the release rate of bioactive compounds (Treesuwan et al. 2017; Khalid et al. 2018). Microparticles also allow direct observation of their morphology and internal structure by optical microscopy.
Biomaterial microparticles of keratose/collagen blend prepared by a water-in-oil emulsification–diffusion method
Published in Particulate Science and Technology, 2021
Chuleerat Wongnarat, Prasong Srihanam
Interest in particles as drug carrier delivery systems has been gradually increasing. Several techniques including spray-drying, interfacial polymerization with emulsions and microemulsions, coacervation/precipitation, organic phase separation, emulsion crosslinking, ionic gelation, as well as sonication techniques (Rajabinejad et al. 2018) have been reported for the preparation of microparticles. In this work, we extracted KR from human hair via oxidizing reagent and used it for microparticle preparation by a water-in-oil (W/O) emulsification–diffusion method. The optimal conditions of W/O volume ratios, volume of KR, and stirring rate were adjusted. The CL microparticles were also prepared by the same method as for KR with different optimal conditions. Finally, the KR/CL blends of microparticles with different mass ratios were prepared and discussed.
On developing a novel mixed-unit microparticle system for controlled release
Published in Drying Technology, 2018
Wei Qiang, Wenjie Liu, Zeneng Cheng
Regarding each subunit, the quality of microparticles mainly relies on their morphology, structure, and uniformity of particle size. Lots of methods have been reported to control the uniformity of particle size to ensure the reproducibility, controllability, and predictability of drug release, enabling the development of a more complex release system on the basis of uniform subunits. Currently, generating uniform and monodispersed microdroplets was the key part in preparing drug-loaded microparticles. However, for conventional emulsion technologies, it is hard to generate microdroplets with precisely controlled emulsifying conditions, low energy consumption, and high efficiency. In this paper, a new microfluidic jet spray dryer whose efficiency has been proved in our previous studies based on microfluidic technology was used to prepare uniform, monodispersed microparticles with sufficient production yields, lower drying temperature, and lower solvent toxicity.[10111213] Besides, the microfluidic jet spray dryer is easy to operate, suitable to the continuous production and scale production, which further verifies the applicability of this technology.