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Pharmaceuticals
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
Salicylic acid is also used in the production of other pharmaceuticals, including 4-aminosalicylic acid and sandulpiride—the latter is an antipsychotic of the benzamide class which is used mainly in the treatment of psychosis associated with schizophrenia and depressive disorders. Other derivatives include methyl salicylate that is used as a liniment to soothe joint and muscle pain and choline salicylate that is used topically to relieve the pain of mouth ulcers.
Simplistic transesterification approach for the synthesis of benzyl salicylate over honeycomb monoliths coated with modified forms of zirconia as catalysts: Kinetics
Published in Chemical Engineering Communications, 2018
S. R. Pratap, S. Z. M. Shamshuddin, N. Thimmaraju, T. E. Mohan Kumar
Transesterification is a vital organic transformation found handy in specialty, scientific as well as the conventional synthesis of esters in a wide range of chemical industries (Knickerbocker et al., 1993; Pratap et al., 2015). Esters are major industrially significant compounds as either intermediates or starting materials, which can be easily prepared by transesterification route rather than any other traditional method (Subramanian et al., 1993; Arai and Machida, 1991; Nijhuis et al., 2001). Salicylate esters especially methyl salicylate is widely used in the preparation of fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, chiral auxiliaries, perfumes, cosmetics, etc. (Heck et al., 2001; Shamshuddin and Nagaraju, 2010). Moreover, in the current scenario, synthesis of esters using readily as well as easily available analogs through transesterification route is a vital choice (Blumel et al., 2016).
The wash-in effect and its significance for mass casualty decontamination
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2022
Thomas James, Lydia Izon-Cooper, Samuel Collins, Haydn Cole, Tim Marczylo
A further chemical-specific finding in this study was the lower than expected penetration enhancement for methyl salicylate in vitro compared to Wurster and Kramer (1961). In humans, occlusion resulted in a 3.2-fold increase in penetration while in vitro the enhancement was only twofold. Zhu et al. (2015) proposed this discrepancy is because of the rubefacient properties of methyl salicylate, that would only be apparent on living skin. Methyl salicylate is used as a topical analgesic and increases local blood flow and temperature of the skin. Both mechanisms are known to increase diffusivity of the SC which would explain the greater penetration in vivo.