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Entropy
Published in Nicholas Stergiou, Nonlinear Analysis for Human Movement Variability, 2018
Approximate entropy in endocrinology is widely used as it is in cardiology. The regularity of hormone secretion can be altered in pathological conditions, and the regularity of secretion of a number of different hormones has been characterized by approximate entropy, and growth hormone has been particularly well studied. Women are found to have a much more irregular secretion of growth hormone than do men, and tumors of hormone-producing tissue are often associated with decreased regularity of secretion (Veldhuis and Pincus 1998). Those with growth hormone deficiency and treated with growth hormone as adolescents were also found to have decreased regularity of blood levels of growth hormone as adults, as compared to controls (Svensson et al. 2006). A decrease in the regularity of growth hormone secretion (Misra et al. 2003), but not cortisol secretion (Misra et al. 2004) was found in adolescent girls with anorexia nervosa, as compared to controls. The secretion of growth hormone and prolactin is found to be more irregular in patients with Cushing’s disease (Veldman et al. 2000). The entropy of growth hormone, cortisol, and leptin secretion also demonstrates different profiles in elderly patients with different body composition phenotypes (Waters et al. 2008).
EMA-approved biosimilars
Published in Sarfaraz K. Niazi, Biosimilars and Interchangeable Biologics, 2016
The indications applied for are as follows: growth disturbance due to insufficient secretion of growth hormone and growth disturbance associated with Turner syndrome or chronic renal insufficiency. Growth disturbance (current height SDS <–2.5 and parental adjusted SDS <–1) in short children born small for gestational age (SGA), with a birth weight and/or length below –2 SD, who failed to show catch-up growth (HV SDS <0 during the last year) by 4 years of age or later. Also approved for Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) for improvement of growth and body composition. The diagnosis of PWS should be confirmed by appropriate genetic testing. Replacement therapy in adults with pronounced growth hormone deficiency.
Arsenals of Pharmacotherapeutically Active Proteins and Peptides: Old Wine in a New Bottle
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Swati Gokul Talele, Tatiana G. Volova, A. K. Haghi, Biologically Active Natural Products, 2020
The rhGH is used for the treatment of conditions like growth hormone deficiency (GHD), Turner syndrome (TS), Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), chronic renal insufficiency (CRI), short stature homeobox-containing gene deficiency (SHOX-D) and being born small for gestational age (SGA) all of which are characterized by short stature [133]. Adults suffering from ST deficiency are also benefitted by treatment with rhGH replacement therapy. rhGH is also useful in weight loss and cachexia occurring as a result of AIDS and in patients with high severity of burns [126].
The role of growth hormone device optimization in patient-reported outcomes: real-world evidence from South Korea
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2021
Ji-Eun Lee, Kee-Hyoung Lee, Mi Jung Park, Seung Yang, Eun Young Kim, Young-Jun Rhie, Min-Ho Jung, Aram Yang, Shin-Hye Kim, Lindsey Yoojin Chung, Su Young Ko, Young Ju Lee, Navid Nedjatian, Woo Yeong Chung
Growth hormone (GH) therapy is approved to promote growth in children with short stature affected by conditions like growth hormone deficiency (GHD), idiopathic short stature (ISS), small for gestational age (SGA), Noonan syndrome (NS), SHOX deficiency, Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), Turner syndrome, or chronic renal disease [1–5].