China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Health, Safety and Environment
Published in Sukumar Laik, Offshore Petroleum Drilling and Production, 2018
Material reuse can be facilitated by installing equipment that allows reuse. For example, closed-loop systems can be installed so that solvents and other materials can be collected and reused in plant processes. Reusable lube oil filters can be installed in some applications instead of throwaway filters. Flared natural gas can be reinjected for pressure control, or an alternate use for it can be found. Flaring should be restricted to emergency conditions only.
Visibility impacts at Class I areas near the Bakken oil and gas development
Published in Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association, 2018
Kristi A. Gebhart, Derek E. Day, Anthony J. Prenni, Bret A. Schichtel, J.L. Hand, Ashley R. Evanoski-Cole
In a typical oil and gas well, approximately two-thirds to three-fourths of the direct air emissions occur during the initial drilling, fracturing, and flow-back activities within the first few days to few weeks (Allen 2016). Later, during the production phase, the well itself emits much less, although emissions from trucking, flaring, leaks, surface disturbance, and secondary population growth continue. Flaring has been a particular problem in the Bakken, where in 2013 approximately one-third of all gas was flared due to the lack of infrastructure to collect and transport the gas. Although flaring reduces emissions of hazardous air pollutants and greenhouse gases, it can be a significant source of other pollutants such as black carbon (Schwarz et al. 2015; Weyant et al. 2016). In 2014, the North Dakota Industrial Commission set goals to reduce the percentage of flared natural gas, and flaring has since decreased dramatically (U.S. Energy Information Administration 2016), falling to 10% in March 2016.
Technical, economic, and environmental assessment of flare gas recovery system: a case study
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2020
Seyed Morteza Mousavi, Kamran Lari, Gholamreza Salehi, Masoud Torabi Azad
Flaring causes the unwanted gaseous streams released into the atmosphere, which makes it an environmental concern. The demand for oil and gas production has been increased around the world, so it has led to associated gas flaring. This, consequently, has made energy management in oil and gas industries provided with new concepts as well as successive reduction of hydrocarbon fuel reserve. Flaring gas streams has released a great amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases (GHG) to atmosphere. So this leads to two major concerns in the world; global warming and environmental pollution. Iran burns 30 MMm3 of natural gas in oil fields every day. Optimization of energy consumption has been on the agenda of the government and the National Iranian Oil Company. Flare gas recovery (FGR) is regarded as a way to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) from oil and gas refineries. There are many refineries around the world that emit huge amount of gases to the atmosphere by flaring. Flare gas recovery (FGR) is one of the most desirable methods to improve energy efficiency in oil and gas refineries. Comodi, Renzi, and Rossi (2016) reviewed energy efficiency improvement in oil refineries by gas recovery plans. They stated that gas recovery is the best way to improve energy efficiency in refineries and to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Zadakbar, Vatani, and Karimpour (2008) studied FGR in oil and gas refineries. In this study, a process stability and a flare tip increment, as the impact of the flare gas recovery system, were proposed. It should be mentioned that this has been done without any impact on the existing safety relief system.
The contribution of the scientific research for a less vulnerable and more resilient community: the Val d’Agri (Southern Italy) case
Published in Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, 2019
Simona Loperte, Mariarosaria Calvello, Mariapia Faruolo, Alessandro Giocoli, Tony Alfredo Stabile, Serena Trippetta
Gas flaring is a process widely used for the disposal of natural gas produced at oil and gas facilities, recognized as a waste of a valuable non-renewable source of clean energy, contributing to global warming, causing climate change and greatly impacting human, the environment and the economy (Giwa et al. 2017). For its impacts acquiring transparent and updated information on gas flaring is of global and local concern (Faruolo et al. 2018). In the last decade, satellite-based methodologies have been developed in order to bridge the gap between such a need and the lack of reliable data about gas flaring, in terms of flaring sites localization and amount of flared gas emitted into the atmosphere. Faruolo et al. (2014) carried out the first investigation of the COVA gas flaring, by satellite observations, providing a comprehensive analysis of the source, from its thermal characterization to the estimation of gas-flared volumes. At COVA, the most of gas is recovered, being the industrial process regulated by strict regional laws (Eni 2014) and a minimum amount is burned off, mainly in emergency conditions (i.e. waste flaring) when the flares system acts as a safety device. For such a reason, the COVA is a source characterized by low/moderate emission rates (less than one million of cubic meters per year), when compared with the ones located in countries like Nigeria or Russia (burning off several billion of cubic meters per year) (Faruolo et al. 2018). Recently, the Robust Satellite Techniques (RST)-FLARE algorithm was developed to infer quantitative information on COVA gas flaring (Faruolo et al. 2014). Following the general prescriptions of the RST approach (Tramutoli 2005, 2007), a change detection scheme based on the processing of multi-year time series of satellite images, collected in homogeneous observational conditions (e.g. same geographic area, same month and hour of acquisitions), RST-FLARE allowed to: (i) select the highly radiant records (compared to the normal behaviour of the plant), which can be associated to the COVA flares emergency discharges; (ii) quantify the emissive power of the COVA by a satellite metric, named Fire Radiative Power (FRP, Kaufman et al. 1998); (iii) compute, by means of a linear regression model, the volumes of gas annually flared at COVA site in emergency conditions (Figure 3).