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Foaming Chemistry and Physics
Published in Leslie R. Rudnick, Lubricant Additives, 2017
Kalman Koczo, Mark D. Leatherman, Kevin Hughes, Don Knobloch
Polyacrylate antifoams are typically synthesized via chain-growth polymerization of a mixture of alkyl acrylate monomers in hydrocarbon solvent or oil [118,138] (see Figure 19.21). Commonly, the polymerization is initiated by a peroxide or other free radical source, although examples of cationic and anionic polymerization are also known. The selection of monomer mixture is based on the solubility properties of the intended lubricating fluid and typically includes linear and branched short-chain alkyl acrylates ranging from C2 to C12. A common example is a copolymer of ethyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate [120]. There are also examples of incorporating functionalized acrylate monomers, for example, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl acrylate [128].
Industrial Polymers
Published in Manas Chanda, Plastics Technology Handbook, 2017
The properties of acrylic ester polymers depend largely on the type of alcohol from which the acrylic acid ester is prepared [26]. Solubility in oils and hydrocarbons increases as the length of the side chain increases. The lowest member of the series, poly(methyl acrylate), has poor low-temperature proper-ties and is water sensitive. It is therefore restricted to such applications as textile sizes and leather fin-ishes. Poly(ethyl acrylate) is used in fiber modifications and in coatings; and poly(butyl acrylate) and poly(2-ethylhexyl acrylate) are used in the formulation of paints and adhesives.
Chemicals from Olefin Hydrocarbons
Published in James G. Speight, Handbook of Petrochemical Processes, 2019
Derivatives of acrylic acid (butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and methyl acrylate) can be homopolymerized using peroxide initiators or copolymerized with other monomers to generate acrylic or aclryloid resins.
Emulsions of cross-linked polyacrylic ester for quick-drying yarn sizing
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2022
Jianhua Ma, Yanqin Shen, Miaomiao Zhang, Yaowu Wang, Hailiang Wu
Native starch was supplied by Shanfeng starch factory (Baoji, China). PVA1799 was purchased from Aladdin Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), methacrylic acid (MAA) purchased from Tianjin Damao Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Tianjin, China) were used as monomer. Glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), ammonium persulfate (APS), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), po1yoxyethylene octylphenol ether (OP-10) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Deionized water was used during all process. Cotton yarn (18 tex) and polyester/cotton blended yarn (65/35, 13 tex) used for sizing experiment were kindly provided by the Xianyang Textile Group Co. Ltd. (Xianyang, China).
A green and novel method for synthesis of β-sulfonyl esters under solvent-free conditions
Published in Journal of Sulfur Chemistry, 2021
Gholamhassan Imanzadeh, Havva Rezaei, Roghayyeh Asgharzadeh, Zahra Soltanzadeh
We decided to initially examine formation of β-sulfonyl ester derivative 3a using a stoichiometric amount of 4-methylbenzenesulfonohydrazide 1a and ethyl acrylate ester 2a and base DABCO as the model reaction (Scheme 3). From this study we found that the reaction proceed at 75°C in excellent yield (Table 1, entry 10) within 2 h time under solvent-free conditions. This reaction was very clean with trace side product formation. This novel method was studied at room temperature under the same conditions (Table 1, entry 9). This investigation indicated that the model reaction has slightly progress based on TLC test at room temperature in time 24 h. Then, we investigated the effects of different bases on the reaction media at room temperature and 75°C (Table 1, entries 1–8). The progress of reaction was monitored by TLC test. In this experiment we observed that the model reaction in the presence of NaHCO3 and K2CO3 as basic catalysts have good yields at 75°C in 5 h (Table 1, entries 6,8). However, From these experiments, it was concluded that the reaction proceed most efficiently in the presence of DABCO base because of 95% yield in time 2 h (Table 1, entry 10). In another study, we accomplished the model reaction under without base conditions at both 25°C and 75°C (Table 1, entries 11, 12). In these cases was not showed any products on the TLC test.
Synthesis, characterization of acrylate polymer having chalcone moiety: evaluation of antimicrobial, anticancer and drug release study
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2020
C. Sudhakar, J. Suresh, N. Valarmathi, S. Sumathi, A. Karthikeyan, A. Arun
4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde, 2-hydroxy ethyl acrylate (HEA), triethyl amine (TEA), acrylic acid (AA), 2,4-dibromoacetophenoe, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and acryloyl chloride were received from sigma Aldrich Chemicals. ALPHA BRUKER DPX NMR spectrometer (operating at 500 MHz), ALPHA BRUKER FT-IR, Labindia UV instruments were used for the structural characterization of the synthesized compound. A thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of the polymers was performed by using the Mettler 3000 thermal analyzers. The bacteria, Escherichia coli (MTCC 452) (gram negative), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 96) (gram positive) and Bacillus subtilis (MTCC 441) (gram positive) were obtained from the VIT University, Vellore, India. The synthesized samples were tested for their antibacterial activity on the above-mentioned bacteria using the disk-diffusion method.