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Applications of mechanical systems and technology
Published in Alan Darbyshire, Charles Gibson, Mechanical Engineering, 2023
Alan Darbyshire, Charles Gibson
Castor oil has been a popular additive to the lubricating oil used for the highly tuned engines in motorcycle and formula car racing. Indeed, it gives its name to a popular brand of motor oil. When used the exhaust gases have a distinctive smell that immediately identifies the additive.
Utilization of Alkyd Resin in Water-Thinnable Paints for Low Volatile Organic Compounds Emission
Published in Kailas L. Wasewar, Sumita Neti Rao, Sustainable Engineering, Energy, and the Environment, 2022
Castor oil [5, 6] is a triglyceride of fatty acids, contains 87–90% ricinoleic acid, cis-12 hydroxyoctadec-9-enoic acid (C18H34O3), derived from the beans of the castor plant, Ricinus Communis L. of the family Euphorbiaceae. The chemical structure of typical castor oil is shown in Figure 29.1.
Castor Oil and its Derivatives as Lubricants
Published in Leslie R. Rudnick, Synthetics, Mineral Oils, and Bio-Based Lubricants, 2020
The seed content accounts for 65–85% of the weight of the bean, and the oil content typically ranges from 35% to 60%, depending on the variety of the seed and the growing environment.6 While the terms castor bean and castor oil are often used interchangeably, it is the oil that has commercial value. Castor oil extraction is accomplished through mechanical pressing. Castor beans can be fatal if ingested as they contain toxins such as the compound ricin, so they must be handled very carefully. The toxins from castor meal are soluble in water, but not in castor oil. Once separated, castor oil itself is considered safe for human consumption and is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use over-the-counter as a laxative.
An investigation into the effect of various parameters on oil agglomeration process of coal fines
Published in International Journal of Coal Preparation and Utilization, 2023
Pradeep Kumar Mohanty, Singam Jayanthu, Saswati Chakladar, Sanchita Chakravarty
Castor oil and turpentine oil in various proportions was used in this study. Both the oils were brought from nearby authorized sources. No chemical or physical alternation was done while using both the oils during the experiment. Castor oil is consisted of 90% ricinoleic and remaining 10% is typically a mixture of other fatty acids. Physical properties indicate that it has viscosity (centistokes): 889.3, density (g/mL): 0.959, flash point (°C): 145 and melting point (°C): −2 to − 5 (Patel et al. 2016). Turpentine oil is composed of terpene hydrocarbons primarily α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene. It is odorous, flammable, and insoluble in water. The melting point of turpentine oil is − 55°C and the boiling point is 154°C (Saeidnia 2014). For the purpose of pH alterations, acid and alkali were brought from Rankem, India. Throughout the agglomeration experiments, tap water of pH ~ 7.5 was used as the suspending media.
Investigation of palm-castor oil blends as base stocks of bio-lubricants for industrial applications
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
T. K. K. S. Pathmasiri, G. I. P. Perera, R. Gallage
Table 2 shows the initial chemical analysis of the selected two oils, palm and castor. Palm oil is composed of about 40% saturated fatty acids, 50% monounsaturated fatty acids and 10% polyunsaturated fatty acids while palmitic, oleic and linoleic is being the main contributor for each category. Castor oil is composed of about 4% saturated fats, 88% mono-unsaturated fats and 8% polyunsaturated. Ricinoleic acid is the key mono-unsaturated fat element in castor oil. Figure 1 shows the key fatty acids molecular structures of palm and castor oils. Table 3 shows the physio-chemical properties of palm oil, castor oil, palm-castor oil blends and three selected commercially available oils, H68, SAE30 and SAE40.
Biopesticide formulations of karanj and castor oil using soapnut
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2022
Kartiki B. Jadhav, Mrunal Ghag Sawant, Trupti Satvekar, Jayashree M. Nagarkar
Castor oil is a multi-purpose vegetable oil made by extracting oil from the seeds of the Ricinus communis plant. Castor seeds are known as castor beans which contain a toxic enzyme called “ricin.” Castor oil has the number of medicinal, industrial and pharmaceutical uses. It is commonly used as an additive in foods, medication and skincare products, as well as an industrial lubricant and biodiesel fuel component.[10] The ricin and ricinine are active ingredients of R. communis that act against S. frugiperda. Castor seed extract possesses more insecticidal and insectistatic potential than the leaf extract.[11] Castor and Hazelnut oil have shown insecticidal activity against various pest and insects.[12,13] The seeds of R. communis are economical, readily available and biodegradable. The use of nanopesticides prepared by such materials would be a good alternative strategy for controlling pest populations and reducing the toxic effect of bulk formulations on the environment.[14] The bioactive nanoemulsion prepared by using Lippia alba volatile oil was also found to be effective pesticide.[15]