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Lung Mechanobiology
Published in Jiro Nagatomi, Eno Essien Ebong, Mechanobiology Handbook, 2018
Daniel J. Tschumperlin, Francis Boudreault, Fei Liu
Cyclic stretch dramatically stimulates proliferation of fetal-derived lung cells in vitro and the key signaling receptor for this process is the platelet-derived growth factor receptor.134 Another putative mechanotransducer for lung growth is stretch-activated channels (SAC) permeable to calcium; transient elevations of cytosolic calcium in response to stretch were silenced by prior exposure to the lanthanide gadolinium, an SAC channel blocker, attenuating stretch-induced cell proliferation.135 Calcium is a critical second messenger for strain-induced cell growth since inhibition of calcium mobilization prevents stretch-induced ERK activation, NF-KappaB nuclear translocation, and expression of early response genes such as Egr1, HSP70, IL-6, and MIP-2 in mechanically stimulated cells.136 In addition, global microarray analysis of fetal type II epithelial cells exposed to stretch demonstrated enhanced expression of a variety of genes, including the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel gene (Scnn1a), suggesting a role for stretch in preparing the maturing epithelium for the transition from net secretion to absorption at birth.137 Together these studies provide testable new hypotheses for critical regulatory nodes in mechanical regulation of lung development.
Molecular Photoswitches for Synthetic Optogenetics
Published in Francesco S. Pavone, Shy Shoham, Handbook of Neurophotonics, 2020
Other examples of interesting pharmacophores used in photoswitches include an anesthetic drug propofol (Stewart et al., 2011) in the design of AP2; a photoswitchable potentiator of GABAA-receptors (Stein et al., 2012). A clinically relevant drug combretastatin A-4 (Pettit et al., 1989) has been incorporated in a photoswitch designed to inhibit microtubule dynamics, denoted PST-1 (Figure 12.3f) (Borowiak et al., 2015) and a potassium-sparing diuretic drug, amiloride, was used in a photoamiloride switch called PA1 (Schonberger et al., 2014).
Transferrin/folate dual-targeting Pluronic F127/poly(lactic acid) polymersomes for effective anticancer drug delivery
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2022
Qing Xiao Wang, Xiang Chen, Zi Ling Li, Yan Chun Gong, Xiang Yuan Xiong
Furthermore, a series of uptake inhibitors were used to elucidate the cellular uptake pathway of the coumarin 6-loaded Ps by C6 cells. As shown in Figure 7, amiloride, an inhibitor of Na+/H+ exchanger on the cell membrane, considerably decreased the uptake of the coumarin 6-loaded Ps, indicating the involvement of Na+/H+ exchanger-mediated endocytosis. Specifically, amiloride could inhibit Na+/H+ exchange on the cell membrane, blocking the entry of exogenous substances into the cell [50, 51].