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Analysis of Epidemiology: Integrating Computational Models
Published in Vishal Jain, Akash Tayal, Jaspreet Singh, Arun Solanki, Cognitive Computing Systems, 2021
Deepak Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Pooja Khurana
Whooping Cough, also called Pertussis, is an acute illness of the respiratory system. Bordetella pertussis is responsible for causing whooping cough [32]. In 2008, the WHO reported 16 million cases, of which 90% were in developing countries with 195,000 deaths [33]. In 2009, 40% of the cases have been noticed in the USA. Children of age group between 7 and 10 years suffered from whooping cough from an estimate of around 9%, 13%, 23.5%, and 23% in 2003, 2007, 2008, and 2009, respectively [34].
Recombinant Antigens as Components of a Diphtheria-Tetanys-PerSüssis Vaccine
Published in Yoshikatsu Murooka, Tadayuki Imanaka, Recombinant Microbes for Industrial and Agricultural Applications, 2020
Andrew J. Makoff, Ian G. Charles, Neil F. Fairweather
Whooping cough, or pertussis, is a respiratory infection of children caused by Bordetella pertussis or Bordetella parapertussis. Infection is characterized by paroxysmal coughing that can last for several weeks, sometimes with fatal results. In contrast with diphtheria and tetanus, pertussis is a multifactorial disease resulting from a combination of adhesion of the pathogen to the epithelial cells lining the respiratory tract and the production of several virulence factors (see Sec. II. A).
Characterization and Treatment of Medical Laboratory Wastewater by Ozonation: Optimization of Toxicity Removal by Central Composite Design
Published in Ozone: Science & Engineering, 2021
Irfan Basturk, Gamze Varank, Selda Murat-Hocaoglu, Senem Yazici-Guvenc, Elmas Eva Oktem-Olgun, Oltan Canli
The long-term micro-pollutant characterization of the MLW is given in Table 7. The source of micro-pollutants within the laboratory wastewater was the samples being analyzed at the laboratory. The type and concentration of micro-pollutants determined in wastewater samples depend on the service structure of hospitals sending samples to this laboratory. The micro-pollutant with the highest concentration in the laboratory wastewater was caffeine by 2.68 µg/L (Table 7). Caffeine is a psychomotor stimulant pharmaceutic, it is especially used to increase mental alertness (Avci et al., 2013), and its use at houses is especially high. Another micro-pollutant with a high concentration was erythromycin, which is an antibiotic of the therapeutic class, and it is used to treat some infections caused by bacteria such as respiratory tract infections including bronchitis, pneumonia, diphtheria, whooping cough. Another measured micro-pollutant, sulfamethoxazole, which is an antibiotic used to treat different infection types caused especially by bacteria, was determined as high in comparison to other micro-contaminants. The mean concentrations of erythromycin and sulfamethoxazole were determined as 2.33 µg/L and 1.82 µg/L, respectively. In short, when Table 7 is examined, the concentrations of the micro-contaminants in the MLW were within the ranges of hospital wastewaters and municipal wastewaters given in the literature.