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Intelligent Machine Vision Technique for Disease Detection through Eye Scanning
Published in Biju Issac, Nauman Israr, Case Studies in Intelligent Computing, 2014
2.1.1 Conjuctivitis and Its Detection Conjunctivitis or eye conjunctivitis is a condition characterized by a reddish coloration of the eyes. Conjunctivitis, also known as eye conjunctivitis or red eye, is a common eye condition in which conjunctiva, which is the clear membrane covering the white of the eye and lining the eyelids, becomes inamed. In other words, it is the inammation of the conjunctiva, a transparent membrane covering the front of the eye. It is due to viral or bacterial infection or may result from an allergic reaction or irritation of the conjunctiva such as pollution, ultraviolet light, and so forth. Bacterial conjunctivitis may be caused by any of several types of bacteria. Viral conjunctivitis can occur in epidemics caused by one of the viruses responsible for the common cold. Allergic conjunctivitis is a common feature of allergy to dust, pollen, and other airborne substances. e condition may also be triggered by chemicals founds in eyedrops, cosmetics, or contact lens solutions.
Coronavirus
Published in Suman Lata Tripathi, Kanav Dhir, Deepika Ghai, Shashikant Patil, Health Informatics and Technological Solutions for Coronavirus (COVID-19), 2021
Coronaviruses are a large group of enveloped viruses having positive sense RNA as their genome. These viruses are known to cause infections in mammals and Aves. In humans, coronaviruses are known to cause infections associated with the respiratory tract. These respiratory tract infections can range from mild to lethal [1,2]. Mild infections include common cold (generally caused by rhinoviruses). Lethal infections include outbreaks like Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) as occurred in 2002, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) in 2012 and now recently reported Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) in 2019 [1,3].
Airborne Contagious Disease
Published in Harriet A. Burge, Bioaerosols, 2020
Antibiotics are largely ineffective against viral agents, and immunization can also be relatively ineffective, often because the disease is caused by a number of different agents (e.g., the common cold) or because the agents change enough over time to render previous immunization ineffective (e.g., influenza; Stuart-Harris, 1981). In addition, we now have a group of people who cannot be immunized, and who are extremely susceptible to infectious agents: patients with AIDS, and immunosuppressed transplant patients. For them, prevention of exposure is the only recourse.
The epidemic COVID-19 model via Caputo–Fabrizio fractional operator
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
Ajay Kumar, Amit Prakash, Haci Mehmet Baskonus
It is predicted that coronavirus disease will become a significant moment in the history of the world. Coronavirus is a large family bearing the crown of a specific corona or sugar protein and due to their presence, it was called the coronavirus in 1960. Viruses cause common cold infections and severe diseases. The coronavirus family includes Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and extreme acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV). Extensive studies have shown that the coronavirus is transmitted between humans and animals. SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV from cats, civet and dromedic camels have been transmitted to humans. COVID-19 was first found in the city of Wuhan, which had never appeared in humans before. Snakes or bats have been accused of causing the outbreak, but other experts actually agree that this is unlikely. Initial human signs of COVID-19 are seen, such as cough, breathing problems and fever. Rapid spread of this infection can lead to death in the next stages. The epidemic of the present-day deadly and highly infected virus is a coronavirus, found in Wuhan (Chinese city) on December 31, 2019 [1]. As of September 23, 2021, the virus has spread to 215 countries with more than 231,397,264 confirmed case and more than 4,742,761 reported death, worldwide, including India with 81,04,591 cases and 1,21,263 reported death [2,3] and Bihar with 2,14,946 confirmed cases and 1,076 reported death [4].