China 
Africa 
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Microbial Biotechnology: Synthesis, Production, Challenges, and Opportunities
Published in Debarshi Kar Mahapatra, Swati Gokul Talele, Tatiana G. Volova, A. K. Haghi, Biologically Active Natural Products, 2020
Akshada A. Bakliwal, Swapnali A. Patil, Meghawati R. Badwar, Swati G. Talele
Advancement in the investigation of embryology, urology, and urogynecology has prompted progress in the zone managing manual semen injection. Managed impregnation permits the counterfeit presentation of semen into the conceptive tract of a female creature, and is broadly utilized in reproducing creatures, for example, sheep, and dairy cattle. Males with prevailing and alluring inherited attributes/qualities are chosen for semen accumulation. Gathered semen from guys with attractive qualities can be solidified and shipped long separations to treat female creatures. Managed impregnation is additionally utilized to help ladies who wish to consider where ordinary origination is beyond the realm of imagination [41].
An update on research and outcomes in surgical management of vaginal mesh complications
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2019
Dominic Lee, Philippe E. Zimmern
At this point in time, restrictions by FDA have only been enforced primarily on the use of transvaginal mesh for prolapse repair and not for synthetic mid-urethral slings (MUS). Many of the leading urology and urogynaecology societies including US National Institute of health (NIH), International Urogynecology Association (IUGA), Society of Urodynamics, Female pelvic medicine, and Urogenital reconstruction (SUFU) and International Continence Society (ICS) have issued statements that MUS for SUI was safe, arguing that MUS is the most studied operation in the world for SUI treatment, with good outcomes. External to the US, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) guidelines from the UK recommended suspension of all transvaginal mesh for treatment of prolapse in December 2017 [12]. And in July 2018, the English government issued a suspension notice to halt all vaginal mesh surgeries in NHS hospitals (including the MUS), pending mitigation of risks of mesh complications, which is anticipated to be completed in March 2019 [13]. Not surprisingly, a large group of women is currently suing both the mesh manufacturers and the UK government over this issue. A recent series from the UK National Health Service (NHS) registry reported up to 9.8% of complications at 3–5 years after MUS [14]. Further afield, Australian mesh patients have also raised concerns regarding safety and complications of vaginal mesh; which has a prompted a senate inquiry into its use; and this is currently the subject of a multi-class action lawsuit [15]. In April 2019, the FDA issued an announcement for the withdrawal of sales and distributions of all surgical mesh implants in the United States. The FDA raised concerns that the device companies did not demonstrate a reasonable assurance of safety and effectiveness of these devices in their premarket applications [16]. This is the most stringent action the FDA has taken on vaginal mesh implants and effectively removes any option/indication for mesh implants in the management of vaginal prolapse in the foreseeable future.
The transvaginal mesh: an overview of indications and contraindications for its use
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2023
Alessandro Ferdinando Ruffolo, Marine Lallemant, Sophie Delplanque, Michel Cosson
In urogynecology, the term mesh commonly indicates all the implantable devices adopted to treat pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women. During the last decades, synthetic meshes have been introduced and widely used in gynecology with the aim to improve surgical results in POP and SUI surgery.