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General Thermography
Published in James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead, Human Medical Thermography, 2023
James Stewart Campbell, M. Nathaniel Mead
Testicular torsion is an emergency condition where one testicle rotates in the scrotal sac, occluding the testicular artery. The resulting testicular ischemia produces extreme pain of rapid onset on the affected side. Swelling may also be present, making the diagnosis of acute epididymitis a possible diagnosis. Since the arterial occlusion stops warm blood from entering the scrotum, the involved testicle should appear cool to thermography, as opposed to the warm appearance of epididymitis. Experimental torsion of the testicular artery in animals has confirmed this, testicular torsion results in significant testicular cooling as measured by thermography; rewarming occurs quickly upon reduction of the experimental torsion.184 Thermography utilized in the emergency department may be extremely useful in the diagnosis of testicular torsion as well as in confirmation of its correction.
New quinolin-3-yl-N-hydrazinecarbothioamides in the synthesis of thiazoles and thiazines
Published in Journal of Sulfur Chemistry, 2021
Mohammed B. Alshammari, Asmaa H. Mohamed, Ashraf A. Aly, Md Afroz Bakht, Essmat M. El-Sheref
Recently, we have synthesized two series of N-2,3-bis(6-substituted quinolin-3-yl)naphthalene-1,4-diones and bisquinolinone triethylammonium salts [19]. The obtained compounds were targeted as candidates to extracellular signal-regulated kinases ERK1/2 with considerable antineoplastic activity [19]. We have also illustrated a review article which discusses the recent synthetic approaches and the applications of quninolones in the synthesis of related four-membered to seven-membered heterocycles, most of them showing unique biological activities [20]. Also, Aly et al. [21] reported on the preparation of a series of 1,2,3-triazoles hybridized with two quinolin-2-ones. The synthesized compounds were assessed for their antiapoptotic activity in testis, as testicular torsion is the main cause of male infertility. Various synthetic routes have been used for the synthesis of thiazolidinones from several thiosemicarbazides and thiocarbohydrazides by using different reagents, and their biological evaluation was also discussed [22,23]. Thiosemicarbazones were also used as a starting material for the synthesis of various heterocyclic compounds, i.e. naphthothiazole and naphthothiadiazepines [23], 4-thiazolidinone derivatives [24,25], 1,3,4-thiadiazoles [26] which possess high biological activities, e.g. anticancer [27], antioxidants [28], antifungal [29], and antibacterial [30].