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Data Mining
Published in Richard J. Roiger, Data Mining, 2017
Figure 1.1 shows the decision tree created from the data in Table 1.1. The decision tree generalizes the table data. Specifically, If a patient has swollen glands, the disease diagnosis is strep throat.If a patient does not have swollen glands and has a fever, the diagnosis is a cold.If a patient does not have swollen glands and does not have a fever, the diagnosis is an allergy.
Emerging Diseases
Published in Gary S. Moore, Kathleen A. Bell, Living with the Earth, 2018
Gary S. Moore, Kathleen A. Bell
The disease: The GAS produce a variety of diseases that include strep throat, impetigo, and scarlet fever. Occasionally, the strep invade deeper tissues such as blood, lungs, or even fat and muscles. The more severe of these invasions results in necrotizing fasciitis and/or streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. The popular media characterized the strep that caused necrotizing fasciitis as “flesh-eating bacteria” because of their ability to produce a progressing destructive infection of the underlying tissues. Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome is caused by a highly invasive strep that produces shock and injury to internal organs such as the kidneys, liver, and lungs. Necrotizing fasciitis usually begins with a trivial or even unnoticed trauma that appears in 24 hours as a lesion with swelling and redness. This is a deep-seated infection of the subcutaneous tissue that progressively destroys the underlying connective tissue and fat while sometimes sparing the skin and muscle. The early signs and symptoms of necrotizing fasciitis include fever, severe pain and swelling, and erythema (redness) at the site of the wound. The wound deeply colors to blue with blisters that contain a clear yellow fluid. Within 4–5 days, the purple areas become gangrenous, and at 7–20 days, dead skin separates at the margins of infection revealing marked necrosis of the underlying subcutaneous tissue. In a few cases, this process quickly escalates until several large areas of gangrenous skin and the patient may become dull and unresponsive due to the toxins in his/her system. Many of the present GAS cases of necrotizing fasciitis inevitably lead to severe systemic illness with high morbidity even in otherwise healthy patients who receive extensive support in the form of antibiotics, dialysis, and surgical techniques.150 These recent developments along with the increased mortality from GAS suggest the emergence of a more virulent streptococcus.151
A review on biomolecular immobilization of polymeric textile biocomposites, bionanocomposites, and nano-biocomposites
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2022
Christopher Igwe Idumah, Anthony Chidi Ezika, Uzoma Ebenezer Enwerem
Biomolecular applications in fabrication of NF biocomposites and bionanocomposites for biomedical applications with enhanced properties are an emerging essential research area. Majority of these materials are already established for biomedical application. Amoxicillin is a type of penicillin, an antibiotic which hinder the growth of bacteria and utilized in the treatment of varying bacterial afflictions such as strep-throat, pneumonia, middle-ear infection, as well as urinary and skin infections (Anuar et al., 2017). Hence, in a study amoxicillin/woven-cotton fabric/polylactic acid (PLA) bionanocomposites were fabricated. Results revealed that the drug-loading ability escalated with reducing fabric porosity. The materials mechanical behavior was found to align with the components density and weight. The degree of deterioration of the fabric composites were found to be influenced by the rate of drug release. Also, rate of water absorption minimized with escalating concentration of PLA (Chao et al., 2018).
A DFT study on the sulfanilamide interaction with graphyne-like boron nitride nanosheet
Published in Journal of Sulfur Chemistry, 2020
Zahra Rahmani, Ladan Edjlali, Esmail Vessally, Akram Hosseinian, Parvaneh Delir Kheirollahi Nezhad
Sulfanilamide (SA, 4-aminobenzene sulfonamide) is a simple member of sulfa-antimicrobial drug family which is used for common infections such as staph infections, strep throat, vaginal infections, and urinary tract infections [1]. Also, it is excessively applied in veterinary medicines for treatment of the domestic animal disease, causing food contamination and negative influences to human health [2]. The residues of SA have been recognized at a considerable level in several animal products that are a potential health hazard because of their allergic properties [2]. It also is responsible for the antibiotic resistance and shows a probable toxicity to aquatic organisms [3]. It has also been identified chiefly in the surface water [3]. So, developing sensitive technique for the determination of SA is critical. Traditional detection approaches typically include mass spectrometry, gas chromatography, fluorescence polarization immune assay, high performance liquid chromatography, and electrochemical methods [4–6]. However, these approaches are usually time-consuming, complicated, and expensive.