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Selective-enrichment as a Tool to Obtain Microbial Degrading Consortia for the Remediation of Pesticide Residues
Published in Ederio Dino Bidoia, Renato Nallin Montagnolli, Biodegradation, Pollutants and Bioremediation Principles, 2021
Carlos E. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Juan Carlos Cambronero-Heinrichs, Edward Fuller, Víctor Castro-Gutiérrez
Most of the solid-phase systems employed in bioaugmentation processes with degrading consortia comprise soil microcosms (Table 2.3). Organophosphates encompass the most commonly explored group of pesticides, usually with high removal efficiencies in soil microcosms, of over 80% in most cases. Chlorpyrifos elimination has been assayed in soil microcosms bioaugmented with diverse degrading isolates. The use of the Gram-negative bacteria Serratia marcescens achieved removals between 51-88%, depending on the type of soil. Nonetheless, the effect was enhanced when the isolate was applied to non-sterile soil—a finding also observed for the other organophosphates assayed, fenitrothion and parathion, which marks the desired combined effect of natural attenuation and bioaugmentation (Cycon et al. 2013). The use of the Gram-positive Bacillus pumilus in a system containing plants achieved 97% chlorpyrifos removal (Ahmad et al. 2012), while the addition of the fungus Aspergillus terreus completely removed the insecticide and its toxic major transformation product, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (Silambarasan and Abraham 2013).
Biological Profiles in Drinking Water
Published in Edwin E. Geldreich, Microbial Quality of Water Supply in Distribution Systems, 2020
An additional factor to consider is colonization by these organisms in water attachment devices used in hospitals and clinics. Acinetobacter infections have been associated with the use of a ventilator spirometer,112 room humidifi-ers,113,114 and moisturized Wright respirometers.115Serratia marcescens infections have been transmitted via medical solutions,116,117 and peritoneal-dialysis effluents.118 While such water-related systems and equipment may be amplifiers of opportunistic pathogens, the sources of these organisms may be the water supply, handling of the device, or airborne contaminants, to name a few. The contribution of the water supply to the problem has been the subject of two studies on water supply-associated bacteria and patient/consumer illness.101,119 Both studies suggested that water supply organisms are part of the problem but not necessarily the major source of nosocomial infections in the hospital environment or in drinking water at the home tap.
Serratia marcescens
Published in Yoshikatsu Murooka, Tadayuki Imanaka, Recombinant Microbes for Industrial and Agricultural Applications, 2020
Serratia marcescens is a facultatively anaerobic, gram-negative rod, found in natural environments, such as soil, sewage, and sometimes intestines, and one of the enteric bacteria [4]. This microbe is known to produce a red pigment that, for a long time was called prodigiosin and was shown to exclude a variety of enzymes: nuclease, metalloproteinase, serine proteinase, chitinase, and lipase. The metalloproteinase from Serratia species has been long used as an antiinflammatory agent in Japan.
Transcriptome analysis reveals that yeast extract inhibits synthesis of prodigiosin by Serratia marcescens SDSPY-136
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
Junqing Wang, Tingting Zhang, Yang Liu, Shanshan Wang, Zerun Li, Ping Sun, Hui Xu
Microorganisms are a treasure trove, and proper development can offer high-value products to humans. Serratia marcescens is a gram-negative, flagellated, rod-shaped bacterium that has been isolated from sites including soil, groundwater, and insects.[1–3]Serratia marcescens produces a wide range of high-value metabolites, particularly prodigiosin, acetoin, and biosurfactants.[4–6] Notably, among the secondary metabolites, the red linear tripyrrole pigment prodigiosin has antibacterial, anticancer, and immunosuppressive activities.[7–9] Recent epidemiological data have revealed the clinical potential of prodigiosin in cancer, which has received extensive attention.[10–12] Prodigiosin is involved in chemical synthesis and biosynthesis.[13] The biosynthesis of high-value compounds under mild conditions is an ideal green production method compared to chemical synthesis.[13–15] Additionally, prodigiosin is a natural dyestuff and nontoxic microbial fermentation product that has diverse food and biomedical applications.[14,16] However, prodigiosin biosynthesis via fermentation is limited by two main factors: gene regulation and the cultural environment.