China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Direct Current and Bone Growth
Published in Andrew A. Marino, Modern Bioelectricity, 2020
Other reports also indicate that electrical polarity is not a fundamental factor in electrical osteogenesis (76–79). Two parallel os teo tomies, 0.4 inches apart, were made normal to the sagittal suture and posterior to the coronal suture in the calvaria of rabbits (76). The defects were stimulated 15 hours/day, 6 days/week, for 3 weeks using platinum electrodes (anterior anode). The amount of bone present in the defects at sacrifice was determined by measuring the optical density of high-resolution radiographs of the excised calvaria. For reasons that were not explained, the control anode exhibited less healing than the more posteriorly located control cathode (4% vs. 35%). When the defects were stimulated using 10 μA DC, the amount of bone present at the electrodes was increased by roughly the same proportion at the anode and the cathode (4% increased to 8%, compared to 35% increased to 65%) (76).
*
Published in Chad A. Mirkin, Spherical Nucleic Acids, 2020
Samuel A. Jensen, Emily S. Day, Caroline H. Ko, Lisa A. Hurley, Janina P. Luciano, Fotini M. Kouri, Timothy J. Merkel, Andrea J. Luthi, Pinal C. Patel, Joshua I. Cutler, Weston L. Daniel, Alexander W. Scott, Matthew W. Rotz, Thomas J. Meade, David A. Giljohann, Chad A. Mirkin, Alexander H. Stegh
All animals were used under an approved protocol of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Northwestern University. To implant tumors, we suspended U87MG and a patient-derived TNS line in Hanks balanced salt solution. Each mouse was anesthetized and placed in a stereotaxic frame, and the surgical area was cleaned with alcohol and Betadine. For these studies, the cells were implanted in ~7-week-old female CB17 SCID mice (Taconic Farms). An incision was made in the scalp, and then a 0.7-mm burr hole was created in the skull with a microsurgical drill 2 mm lateral right of the sagittal suture and 0.5 mm posterior of bregma. A Hamilton syringe was loaded with either 1 × 105 U87MG cells or 2 × 105 huTNS cells and inserted 3.5 mm into the brain. The cells were implanted over a period of 5 min, and the needle was left in place for 1 min before withdrawing the syringe. After surgery, the skin was closed with sutures.
Angio-osteogenic capacity of octacalcium phosphate co-precipitated with copper gluconate in rat calvaria critical-sized defect
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2022
Shinki Koyama, Ryo Hamai, Yukari Shiwaku, Tsuyoshi Kurobane, Kaori Tsuchiya, Tetsu Takahashi, Osamu Suzuki
Wistar rats (12 weeks old, male, Japan SLC, Inc., Hamamatsu, Japan) were used to examine the vascularization and bone regeneration behaviors induced by the OCP/Gel, low-Cu-OCP/Gel, and Cu/Gel in bone defects. Anesthetization was performed via the inhalation of isoflurane by rats and subsequent injection of mixed anesthetic agents consisting of medetomidine (Nippon Zenyaku Kogyo Co., Ltd., Fukushima, Japan), midazolam (Sandoz K.K., Tokyo, Japan), and butorphanol (Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) into their peritoneal cavity. The dose amount of medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol was 0.38 µg/g, 2.0 µg/g, and 2.5 µg/g to the weight of rats, respectively. The skin and periosteum were sectioned along the bilateral line and middle of the forehead. A critical-sized defect, which does not repair spontaneously, with a diameter of 9 mm [40] was created on the line sagittal suture between the lambdoid suture and coronal suture. A trephine drill was used to create defects. The OCP/Gel (n = 5) and low-Cu-OCP/Gel (n = 5) composites were implanted into the defects. The Cu/Gel sponges (n = 5) were also implanted as control groups. After implantation, the ablated periosteum and skin were repositioned and sutured.
Stress and strain propagation on infant skull from impact loads during falls: a finite element analysis
Published in International Biomechanics, 2020
F.J. Burgos-Flórez, Diego Alexander Garzón-Alvarado
The purpose of this work was to simulate infant skull impact produced by different fall heights. For this, a three-dimensional model of the skull of a four week-old infant was developed. Two impact cases were considered in the dynamical analysis: Occipital impact and right parietal impact. These are the most common falls in infants and are presented from heights of 30 and 55 cm (Ainsworth et al. 2014). Stress and strain distribution in soft tissues such as sutures, fontanels, and the brain were studied using the results of the dynamic analysis. Different degrees of ossification were defined for sutures and fontanels in the computational experiment: a) standard non-ossified sutures, b) prematurely fused sutures representing right lambdoid craniosynostosis (premature fusion of right lambdoid suture), sagittal craniosynostosis (premature fusion of the sagittal suture), right coronal craniosynostosis (premature fusion of the right coronal suture), metopic craniosynostosis (premature fusion of the metopic suture) and c) entirely ossified sutures and fontanels (see Figure 1).
Characterization and evaluation of porous hydroxyapatite synthesized by oil-in-water method as carrier of donepezil for the preventive of Alzheimer’s disease by controlled release
Published in Journal of Asian Ceramic Societies, 2020
Chih-Hsiang Fang, Yi-Wen Lin, Chun-Chen Yang, Minal Thacker, Subhaini Jakfer, Feng-Huei Lin
The rats were first anesthetized with intraperitoneal injection of Zoletil and Rompum (1 mL/kg, Virbac, France) at a 1:2 concentration ratio. Then, STZ was dissolved in normal saline shortly before being injected bilaterally into the ventricles (3 mg/kg, 10 μL/injection site) by stereotaxic surgery through a Hamilton syringe. The following coordinates were used for intracerebroventricular injection: 0.8 mm posterior to the bregma, 1.5 mm lateral to the sagittal suture, and 3.6 mm ventral from the surface of the brain. Then, the behavior test was performed 14–20 days after AD induction.