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An Introduction to Bioactivity via Restorative Dental Materials
Published in Mary Anne S. Melo, Designing Bioactive Polymeric Materials for Restorative Dentistry, 2020
Mary Anne S. Melo, Ashley Reid, Abdulrahman A. Balhaddad
Another field for bioactivity in endodontics is related to the use of antibacterial root canal sealers in the root canal treatment. Root canal treatment aims to eliminate the bacterial infection, disinfect the root canal system from the bacteria and their by-products, and reduce the risk of getting recurrent infections in the future. Despite the disinfection of the root canal system, the total elimination of residual bacteria is not guaranteed and is at risk of being re-infected (Saleh et al. 2004). Therefore, the use of antibacterial canal sealers may improve the success rate of endodontic treatment. Enterococcus faecalis is the main endodontic pathogen that is able to invade the dentinal tubules and survive by itself in the treated canals by resisting the endodontic treatment (Sundqvist et al. 1998). The main limitation of most of the available endodontic sealers is related to the loss of their antibacterial function gradually after the setting (AlShwaimi, Bogari et al. 2016).
Large three-dimensional cell constructs for tissue engineering
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2021
Jun-Ichi Sasaki, Gabriela L Abe, Aonan Li, Takuya Matsumoto, Satoshi Imazato
Dental pulp assumes a variety of roles including maintenance of tooth homeostasis, pain transmission, and regeneration of dentin [84,85]. Generally, dental pulp is extracted in the case of irreversible pulpitis and pulp necrosis, then the root canal is filled with a rubber-based material [86,87]. However, pulpless teeth lose their natural biological defense, increasing the risk of serious caries, apical periodontitis, and ultimately tooth loss [88,89]. Specifically, the hazard ratio for tooth loss increases 7.4-fold for pulpless molars and 1.8-fold for pulpless anterior teeth and premolars relative to their pulp-conserved counterparts [90]. Thus, dental pulp regeneration can recover the function of teeth and improve the prognosis of a pulpless tooth. 3D cell constructs were fabricated using dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and their ability to regenerate dental pulp was evaluated [91].
Advanced materials and technologies for oral diseases
Published in Science and Technology of Advanced Materials, 2023
Hao Cui, Yan You, Guo-Wang Cheng, Zhou Lan, Ke-Long Zou, Qiu-Ying Mai, Yan-Hua Han, Hao Chen, Yu-Yue Zhao, Guang-Tao Yu
Different from root canal irrigants, root canal sealers require long-term antibacterial properties and potentially to promote remineralization of tooth tissue. Not only that but the stability and biocompatibility of the root canal sealer is also necessary. Compared to epoxy resin-based sealers, Ca/Si-based nano-sealers are more biocompatible and less cytotoxic [65]. Baras et al. developed a multifunctional root canal sealer containing dimethylaminohexadecyl methacrylate (DMAHDM), AgNPs and NACP which can simultaneously exert antibacterial and promote the mineralization of the root canal side wall [66]. This type of sealer should also be a direction for the future of root canal sealer development.
Antimicrobial effectiveness of root canal sealers against Enterococcus faecalis
Published in Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry, 2022
Paola Castillo-Villagomez, Elizabeth Madla-Cruz, Fanny Lopez-Martinez, Idalia Rodriguez-Delgado, Jorge Jaime Flores-Treviño, Guadalupe Ismael Malagon-Santiago, Myriam Angelica de La Garza-Ramos
Wang et al. [20] evaluated the antimicrobial effect of root canal sealers on E. faecalis biofilms in dentin tubules. We worked with E. faecalis in 96-well plates, not extracted teeth. Wang et al. [20] used three cements: AH Plus, EndoSequence, and the pulp canal sealer EWT (based on ZOE). The authors mention that the three endodontic sealers had antibacterial effects against E. faecalis in the dentinal tubules. The EndoSequence sealer and AH Plus had superior antibacterial effects compared to the EWT pulp canal sealer. In the present study, we found that EndoSequence and AH Plus had a similar antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis, but lower than BioRoot.