Reference ranges

Reference ranges

A reference range is a range of values for a particular parameter that is determined by individual laboratories based on their investigation of their local healthy population using their own analytical instruments. This range typically includes 95% of the population or about 2 standard deviations from the mean. The reference range is usually set as the minimum and maximum values of the corresponding parameter in a number of training samples.From: Generic Drug Product Development [2019], Body activity grading strategy for cervical rehabilitation training [2023]

Exposure Assessment

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Published in Barry L. Johnson, Impact of Hazardous Waste on Human Health, 2020

Barry L. Johnson

The National Center for Environmental Health (NCEH) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has developed reference range concentrations of several hazardous substances found in nonoccupationally exposed populations. By their definition, “Reference range concentrations are those concentrations of a toxicant, its residue, or its metabolite that are found in the general population. We assume that the general population is not occupationally exposed to the parent compound and is not otherwise overfly exposed” (Hill et al., 1995). Reference range data provide vital information on “background” levels of toxicants in the general population.

Body activity grading strategy for cervical rehabilitation training

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Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023

Liang Dong, Yun Qu

After conducting phase segmentation, sixteen feature parameters are extracted for each phase to build a scoring reference as illustrated in Table 1. The reference ranges are usually set as the minimum/maximum values of the corresponding parameters in a number of training samples. They are of obvious physical significance and can be manually adjusted in case that the training samples lack generality or the target users have different mobility capabilities.

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Exposure Assessment

Body activity grading strategy for cervical rehabilitation training