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Analysis of Gait
Published in Joseph D. Bronzino, Donald R. Peterson, Biomedical Engineering Fundamentals, 2019
Roy B. Davis III, Sylvia Õunpuu, and Peter A. DeLuca
progression and symmetrical pelvic position in the transverse plane. A le intramuscular plantar exor muscle lengthening is recommended to provide more length to the ankle plantar exor muscles and reduce the impact of muscle stretch on the spastic plantar exor muscles, thereby reducing (or resolving) the excessive ankle equinus and provide improved stability in stance and foot clearance in swing. A le hamstring muscle lengthening is also recommended to reduce the impact of muscle stretch on hamstring muscle spasticity, thereby improving knee extension at initial contact and overall knee motion in stance. A rectus femoris muscle transfer is recommended to reduce the impact of inappropriate activity of the rectus femoris muscle in mid swing and therefore improve peak knee exion in swing and the associated clearance in swing. e premature plantar exion of the right ankle in stance is secondary to a vault compensation and therefore, is predicted to resolve secondary to the surgery on the le side, that is, does not require any treatment. A standard protocol in most clinical gait laboratories is to repeat the gait analysis at about one year post surgery. At this time, surgical hypotheses and progress with respect to resolution of pretreatment gait abnormalities can be evaluated objectively.
Comparison of soccer instep kicking kinematics with and without elastic taping
Published in Sports Biomechanics, 2023
Nahoko Sato, Hiroyuki Nunome, Yuichi Mizukami
In the present study, substantial alternation of the rectus femoris muscle was noted in form of significant increase in its thickness, which supports our first hypothesis. Pamuk and Yucesoy (2015) analysed the mechanical effects of ET application on the skin surface of the tibialis anterior muscle using MRI. They reported that deformation of the taped region occurred acutely after ET application. It should be noted here that the ultrasound scanner used in the current study could measure the muscle thickness in only one direction. However, as muscle thickness measurements using an ultrasound scanner and an MRI instrument have been proven to be highly correlated (Reeves et al., 2004), it is reasonable to assume that the increased muscle thickness found in this study is in line with the MRI findings (Pamuk & Yucesoy, 2015). Pamuk and Yucesoy (2015) suggested that the ET application-induced local deformation might affect the muscle spindles involved in the excitability of the motor unit. Yeung and Yeung (2016) also found that ET application significantly increased the peak knee extension torque during knee extension movement and tended to shorten the reflex latency in the patellar reflex. Thus, they proposed that ET application may be involved in promoting muscle spindle-reflex contraction and motor unit excitation, which improves the muscle function. These proposed neurophysiological alterations may have occurred in the rectus femoris muscle after ET application in the current study.