China 
Africa 
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Swarm and Evolutionary Intelligence
Published in Mark Chang, Artificial Intelligence for Drug Development, Precision Medicine, and Healthcare, 2020
Ghaheri et al. (2019) provided a comprehasive review of the applications of genetic algorithms in medicine, in 15 different areas: radiology(Karnan and Thangavel, 2007; Sahiner and Chan et al., 1996), oncology (Ooi, Tan, 2003; Tan et al., 2011), cardiology (Vinterbo, Ohno-Machado, 1999; Khalil et al., 2006), endocrinology (Nguyen et al., 2013), obstetrics and gynecology (Hoh et al, 2012; Marinakis et al., 2009; Boisvert, 2012), pediatrics (Ocak, 2013; Latkowski T., Osowski, 2015; Lin et al., 2013), surgery (Jefferson et al., 1997), infectious diseases (Elveren and Yumuşak, 2011; Castiglione et al., 2004), pulmonology (Güler et al., 2005; Engoren et al., 2005), radiotherapy (Nazareth et al., 2009; Ezzell and Gaspar, 2000; Wu and Zhu 2000; Yu et al., 1997), rehabilitation medicine (Pei et al., 2011; Aminiazar, 2013), orthopedics (Ishida et al., 2011; Hsu et al., 2006; Amaritsakul et al., 2013), neurology (Khotanlou and Afrasiabi, 2012; Koer and Canal, 2011), pharmacotherapy (Koh et al., 2008; Zandkarimi et al., 2014), and health care management (Zhang et al., 2013; Du et al., 2013; Boyd and Savor, 2001).
Enforcement and compliance framework
Published in Tim Deveaux, Bassett’s Environmental Health Procedures, 2019
Environmental health research can be defined as the systematic study of how the environment affects human health. Traditionally, the fields of epidemiology, occupational health, toxicology, ecology and public health have focused on the relationship between the environment and human health. Because almost all diseases have an environmental component, environmental health research now encompasses such fields as cardiology, oncology, gastroenterology, neurology, endocrinology, embryology and pulmonology. For example, in understanding cardiovascular and respiratory diseases as well as lung cancer, it is important to investigate all of the different factors that may increase one’s risk of contracting such diseases, including genetic predispositions, diet, exercise, stress and environmental exposure to carcinogens, such as radiation or chemicals that cause cancer. If one understands how the environment affects the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, one may be able to make recommendations for changes in the environment designed to reduce the incidence of this disease, such as improving air quality and reducing exposure to carcinogens.
Medication: Nanoparticles for Imaging and Drug Delivery
Published in Harry F. Tibbals, Medical Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine, 2017
In the previous sections of this chapter, we have reviewed the different types of technologies and materials used for therapy delivery. Now we review some of the medical areas to which these nanotechnologies are being applied and see specific details of how they are being used to treat diseases. Nanotechnology for drug and therapy delivery have been used in many medical practice areas including dermatology for topical applications, ocular drug delivery, gastrointestinal, orthopedics, cardiology, pulmonology, radiology, surgery, and many other areas, for treatment of infectious, autoimmune, degenerative, and other diseases [250-252]. Perhaps the greatest impact of nanotechnology drug delivery is in cancer treatment. But first we show examples from some of the areas that have received less publicity.
Blood-based ternary hybrid nanofluid flow-through perforated capillary for the applications of drug delivery
Published in Waves in Random and Complex Media, 2022
Abeer S. Alnahdi, Saleem Nasir, Taza Gul
Several scientists and scholars investigate the impact of magnetic and electric fields which have amazing implementations in field of science, engineering and biomedical like heating of nuclear plants, metal varnish, accepting and communicating transmitters, detoxification of solvent metallic materials, magnetize resonance tomography devices, magnetohydrodynamic power transmission engine, radio-frequency excision in pulmonology and cardiology, antidote of skin problems and dealing of malaria infection [20–23]. Time-dependent 2D forced convective movement of electro-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) conductive nanofluid and energy transformation through a perforated horizontal stretchable medium was examined by Daniel et al. [24]. Over a stretched surface, Daniel et al. [25] explored the 2D unsteady free convectional motion of electro-magnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) conductive nanofluid.
Improving patient care at a multi-speciality hospital using lean six sigma
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2022
D. Jinil Persis, Anjali S., Vijaya Sunder M, Rejikumar G, V. Raja Sreedharan, Tarik Saikouk
The university professor then calculated the inter-rater reliability for the patient's response and found that their responses were significant (Fleiss kappa = 0.7) and submitted the response to the Master Black belt (MBB). Then, MBB reviewed the response and finalized that the interview processes are completed, and now the team can focus on analyzing the findings from the interview (Wagner and Thakur-Weigold 2018). The interview findings revealed that ∼80% of patients and hospital staff observed that patients get delayed in five departments—Cardiology, Diabetology, Neurology, Dermatologist, and Pulmonology departments. Further, many patients expressed their concern for the long waiting time. For instance, one patient articulated: