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Microbiological Hazards
Published in Dag K. Brune, Christer Edling, Occupational Hazards in the Health Professions, 2020
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen causing disease only in persons with impaired host defense against infection. Under normal circumstances, the organism represents no risk for health care personnel. However, P. aeruginosa is a frequent cause of microbial keratitis in contact lens wearers.243–246 Bowden and Sutpin recently reported a case of nosocomial pseudomonas keratitis in a critical care nurse wearing extended-wear contact lens.247 The infection was probably acquired from a patient with pneumonia and septicemia.
Pulmonary complications of solid-organ transplantation
Published in Philippe Camus, Edward C Rosenow, Drug-induced and Iatrogenic Respiratory Disease, 2010
Community-acquired bacterial pneumonia occurs later in the post-transplantation period. Hemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Legionella species are among the commonly identified organisms. Response to therapy is generally excellent, with reported mortality rates of 0–33 per cent.3,4 Lower respiratory tract infections occurring in the later phases after transplantation are particularly prevalent among lung transplant recipients who have developed bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS). These patients typically present with recurrent episodes of purulent bronchitis and pneumonia, most commonly due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bronchiectasis can be demonstrated on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in up to one-third of these patients.
Heavy metal remediation and resistance mechanism of Aeromonas, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas: A review
Published in Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 2022
Ali Fakhar, Bushra Gul, Ali Raza Gurmani, Shah Masaud Khan, Shafaqat Ali, Tariq Sultan, Hassan Javed Chaudhary, Mazhar Rafique, Muhammad Rizwan
Genus Pseudomonas was first described in 1894 on the basis of morphological characteristics and was subsequently subdivided into five groups based on rRNA–DNA hybridization and DNA–DNA hybridization in 1984. Later, several authors reviewed the different circumstances of the taxonomic status of genus Pseudomonas at different times, which included 96 species; only 31 species fulfilled the criteria of the taxonomy (Gomila et al., 2015). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a well-known human pathogen that causes pneumonia, acute nosocomial infections of burn wounds, cancer, and cystic fibrosis. Pseudomonas syringae is a well-known plant pathogen responsible for developing stress conditions in plants, such as frost damage (Ha & Denver, 2018; Tran et al., 2017). In addition, Pseudomonas species such as P. chlororaphis and P. fluorescens have some important traits, such as plant growth-promotion properties. This genus includes some bacteria that are biocontrol agents and are considered to be plant beneficial microorganisms because they protect plants from pathogens through competitive colonization (Dorjey et al., 2017; Fishman et al., 2018). These bacteria can grow efficiently in any environment. They have an optimal temperature of 37 °C and can tolerate temperature of 4–42 °C within a pH range of 4–8 (W. Li, Ten, et al., 2018). Many Pseudomonas sp. process fluorescent pigments, such as pyoverdines, and can produce a variety of endoenzymes, including catalase, arginine dihydrolase, and lysine decarboxylase, that are capable of fermentation of carbohydrate to process glucose fermentation (Burns, 2018).
Disparate outer membrane exclusionary properties underlie intrinsic resistance to hydrophobic substances in Pseudomonas spp. isolated from surface waters under triclosan selection
Published in Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A, 2020
Lauren E. Chambers, Mang Chang, Kavya Boyina, Ashton Williams, Rebecca Dye, Robert V. Miller, Michelle A. DeGear, Senait Assefa, Gerwald A. Köhler, Franklin R. Champlin
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous gram-negative soil organism that is an important opportunistic nosocomial pathogen in immunocompromised individuals. It is intrinsically resistant to many disparate antibacterial agents[7] including high concentrations of triclosan.[8,9] Previous work from our laboratory[8] demonstrated that outer membrane permeabilizers such as polymyxin B nonapeptide, compound 48/80, and ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA)[10] sensitized P. aeruginosa to triclosan by chemical modification, thereby suggesting an intrinsic role for intact outer membrane exclusionary properties for both residual environmental and high in vitro concentrations. Further work from this laboratory determined the synergism between compound 48/80 and triclosan for P. aeruginosa strains to be transient due to the presence of active efflux pump systems present in the cell envelope.[11] This work established that both a structurally and functionally intact outer membrane,[8] in concert with an active efflux system[11] representing a second line of defense, act concomitantly in P. aeruginosa to provide intrinsic resistance to the hydrophobic biocide triclosan. Further investigation into the fatty acid profiles of triclosan-treated P. aeruginosa revealed that cell envelope composition also plays a role in intrinsic resistance[12] and methylation of the biocide obviates its antibacterial properties.[13]