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Cloud VR Technologies
Published in Huaping Xiong, Dawei Li, Kun Huang, Mu Xu, Yin Huang, Lingling Xu, Jianfei Lai, Shengjun Qian, Cloud VR, 2020
Huaping Xiong, Dawei Li, Kun Huang, Mu Xu, Yin Huang, Lingling Xu, Jianfei Lai, Shengjun Qian
The sustainable development of the cloud VR service depends on good user experience. In the Internet era, various industries have been evolving from providing products and services to providing user experience. This has created an experience-driven economy and encouraged improvement to user experience. Traditional videos provide users with a limited experience in terms of quality content and high definition. From its conception, VR has created an experience that integrates more of our senses and more technology, creating a much more immersive experience than is possible with traditional video. According to the theory[4] proposed by J. J. Gibson, human perception may be divided into orienting, auditory, haptic, taste–smell, and visual systems. Virtual reality should continuously develop its use of multiple senses to provide an all-round experience for users.
Artificial Intelligence Challenged by Uncertainty
Published in Deyi Li, Yi Du, Artificial Intelligence with Uncertainty, 2017
Cognitive science studies information processing in the course of human cognition and thinking, including research on perception, memory, learning, language, and other cognitive activities. Perception is the process whereby the brain receives external information in the form of sound, light, touch, and smell through the sensory organs. Visual perception plays a particularly important role. Cognition is based on perception, which is the overall reaction of the brain to the objective world. The presentation of perception constitutes the basis for the study of cognitive processes at all levels. Memory can maintain perceptions, using which current responses can be processed on the basis of previous ones. Only through memory can people accumulate experience. Learning is a basic cognitive activity. The neurobiological basis of learning is the flexibility of synapses that link neural cells, research on which is a very active field in brain science. Some people classify learning into three categories: perceptive, cognitive, and semantic. Learning is mainly presented through language, which is carried by sounds and words and governed by grammatical rules. Language is a symbolic system with a highly complex structure, extremely flexible usage, and extensive application. Thinking activities and cognitive exchanges cannot be performed without language.
Automatic Speech Recognition
Published in K. S. Fu, Pattern Recognition, 2019
There are two different types of models for speech decoding, a passive model and an active model. In the passive model, human reception of speech is viewed as consisting of sensation followed by perception, followed by cognition. Sensation deals with the raw signal, perception classifies the sensations into words or objects, and cognition establishes relationships among the words or objects. This model has been used for designing systems for the recognition of isolated words and consists of acoustic preprocessing, feature extraction, and pattern matching.
Gender-specific visual perturbation effects on muscle activation during incline treadmill walking: a virtual reality study
Published in Ergonomics, 2023
Jie Hao, Robin High, Ka-Chun Siu
The discrepancy of visual perception between males and females (Murray et al. 2018; Shaqiri et al. 2016; Shaqiri et al. 2018) might contribute to different responses to visual perturbation. Perception is the interpretation of sensory information to understand the presented information and environment. The same sensory conflict created by visual illusion may be perceived differently in males and females, and different action was taken accordingly through the perception-action coupling process (Keshner and Lamontagne 2021). Gender difference in lower extremity muscle activation during standing while facing different visual flow scenes, was also reported in other studies (Piras et al. 2018; Raffi et al. 2014, 2017), which found that males and females activated different muscles primarily.
Research on effective recognition of alarm signals in a human–machine system based on cognitive neural experiments
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Yun Teng, Yuwei Sun, Xinlin Chen, Mei Zhang
Compared with the second type, the third type of alarm signal is easier for human vision to accept as a straight-line contour rather than a curve contour. At the same time, the advantage of the third type of alarm signal is the change of graphic orientation, which makes people more sensitive to dynamic information. In the design and use of machinery and equipment, we need to fully consider human reliability. When the brain wakes up in different states, human reliability is also different. Due to various restrictions on information processing, errors may occur anytime and anywhere. Guastello [58] found that most human errors are not caused by irresponsibility, and poor system design is the main reason [59]. Sensation involves the physical characteristics of external stimuli, and perception involves the cognitive characteristics of human beings. Cognitive load can be divided into internal, external and effective cognitive load. Internal cognitive load is the load of interaction between information elements; external cognitive load is the additional load beyond internal cognitive load; and effective cognitive load is the load related to the process of promoting graphic construction and graphic automation [60]. If the external cognitive load is minimized and the effective cognitive load is increased, so that the total cognitive load of the task does not exceed the individual cognitive load, the work efficiency will be improved. In the complex human–computer system, cognitive load is high, even overloaded. Therefore, signal design needs to distinguish different information sources as far as possible to ensure clear boundaries.
Architecture, biometrics, and virtual environments triangulation: a research review
Published in Architectural Science Review, 2022
Perception is a process by which we interpret the world around us, forming a mental representation of the environment. Subjective reality is how an individual perceives and experiences the external world in their mind (Jerald 2015). Perception is defined as the process of recognizing (being aware of), organizing (gathering and storing) and interpreting (binding to knowledge) sensory information (Häfner et al. 2014). Incoming information shapes internal representation and triggers emotional states that affect physiology and motivate behaviour. Experts have shown that basic emotions can be divided into six main categories: happiness, anger, fear, surprise, sadness and disgust (Ekman, Friesen, and Ellsworth 1973). Other studies point towards 27 emotions (Cowen and Keltner 2017). The relationship between human emotional experience and personality can be defined as neurological differences that trigger different emotional experience dynamics (Robinson 2008).