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Pulmonary complications of solid-organ transplantation
Published in Philippe Camus, Edward C Rosenow, Drug-induced and Iatrogenic Respiratory Disease, 2010
The era of human solid-organ transplantation was inaugurated a half century ago when a kidney harvested from a healthy donor was implanted into the body of his identical twin brother suffering from renal failure. Over the ensuing decades, organ transplantation has evolved to include not only kidney but also heart, liver, lung and pancreas replacement. While offering extended survival and enhanced quality of life to many patients with lethal and debilitating conditions, these procedures are accompanied by a multitude of complications.
Future potential of engineered heart tissue patches for repairing the damage caused by heart attacks
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2020
Richard J. Jabbour, Thomas J. Owen, Pragati Pandey, Sian E. Harding
The allogenic approach, if a muscle replacement strategy is to be pursued, will require long-term immunosuppression. In the first clinical trials, immunosuppression was only given for 1–2 months, and therefore there will be no cells remaining after this point. There are risks regarding long-term immunosuppression including, renal toxicity, allograft vasculopathy and the risk-benefit ratio favors long-term immunosuppression for organ transplantation including renal, liver and heart. At present, the data regarding cellular therapy means that the risk of long-term immunosuppression may outweigh the benefit of cellular therapy and therefore seeking ethical approval for long-term immunosuppression may prove more difficult. Regulatory approval for induced pluripotent stem cell products varies between countries, and Japan has recently adopted a fast track approval system allowing clinical use only if products have been deemed safe there are hints of efficacy from feasibility trials.