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Advances in fractures and dislocations of the hip joint
Published in K. Mohan Iyer, Hip Joint in Adults: Advances and Developments, 2018
Thomas Pepper, Philip Ahrens, M. Zahid Saeed
Although these fractures are less prone to avascular necrosis of the femoral head, patients are subject to the same general postoperative complications as intracapsular fractures - namely pneumonia, venous thromboembolism and pressure sores - all of which may be mitigated by early mobilisation. In addition, there is a risk of metalwork “cut out” of the osteoporotic bone, particularly if the screw has been poorly positioned or there is a suboptimal reduction. Malunion is relatively common, resulting in varus and external rotation deformities, but these are rarely clinically significant. Nonunion is uncommon, but if the fracture has not united after six months, revision is indicated.
Reduction and Fixation of Sacroiliac joint Dislocation by the Combined Use of S1 Pedicle Screws and an Iliac Rod
Published in Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White, Advances in Spinal Fusion, 2003
Kai-Uwe Lewandrowski, Donald L. Wise, Debra J. Trantolo, Michael J. Yaszemski, Augustus A. White
fractures, leading to weaker healing and increased rates of nonunion. Other studies revealed that NSAID administration after hip arthroplasty significantly reduced the amount of heterotopic ossification seen. This work also demonstrated that the decrease in bone formation occurred early in the healing process, within 2 weeks [27]. Because these early studies established that NSAIDS inhibit osteogenic activity, many physicians became reluctant to use them in their patients with fractures, but they are widely used to prevent heterotopic ossification
Mechanostimulation in Bone and Tendon Tissue Engineering
Published in Jiro Nagatomi, Eno Essien Ebong, Mechanobiology Handbook, 2018
Samuel B. VanGordon, Warren Yates, Vassilios I. Sikavitsas
Bone is a hard mineralized tissue that supports the structure and motility of the body. While minor fractures of bone can be healed naturally by the body, larger nonunion fractures require supplemental reinforcement from implantable hardware or a material that can be placed into the fracture to fuse the disjointed bone. Bone tissue engineering pursues new alternatives to fill nonunion fractures and allow for natural healing and remodeling of bone tissue.
The fabrication of multifunctional sodium alginate scaffold incorporating ibuprofen-loaded modified PLLA microspheres based on cryogenic 3D printing
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2022
Lihua Zhao, Shunyu Chen, Chunling Xie, Qingshuang Liang, Dian Xu, Weixin Chen, Xiufeng Xiao
Bone defect is one of the most common clinical symptoms, usually caused by infection, trauma, tumor, and various congenital diseases. The traditional treatments for nonunion bone defects due to trauma or disease have centered on orthopedic, implants, allografts and autografts. However, these techniques suffer from a number of limitations such as lack of available donors, immune rejection and secondary trauma from surgery [1–3]. Hence, bone tissue engineering employing scaffolds has emerged as an innovative and alternative technique to overcome the limitations of current approaches [4, 5]. In recent years, the rapid development of bone tissue engineering has led to a large number of studies. A promising approach in bone tissue engineering is to design and fabricate biodegradable scaffolds with a highly interconnected hierarchical porous structure similar to the natural bone tissue for cell adhesion growth, migration, oxygen entry and other nutrients, excretion of metabolites and the growth of blood vessels and nerves. Furthermore, an ideal bone tissue engineering scaffold should have such characteristics as good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, non-toxicity, favorable osteogenic activity to regulate cell responses and promote tissue repair [6, 7].
Two new Yb(III)-based coordination polymers: structural characterization and treatment effect on femur fracture nonunion combined with PRP and n-HA/PA66
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2021
Yong Huang, Xiaoyu Wang, Jingzhe Wang, Dawei Wang, Zhenggang Bi
Fracture nonunion, also known as nonunion, refers to the failure to achieve healing condition within the average healing time or a prolonged treatment time (generally 8 months after the fracture).[1] The factors affecting fracture healing include systemic and local factors. Systemic factors include the patient’s metabolism, nutrition, reduction of injury, soft tissue embedding at the fracture site and treatment methods.[2] The local factors include the blood supply to the fracture, the influence of infection, and fracture of soft tissue connection. In the normal fracture healing process, undifferentiated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes and osteocytes under the influence of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and regulatory factors, and eventually form bone to repair the injury tissue.[3,4]