China 
Africa 
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Correlation of BDNF and cognitive function in smoking Batak male schizophrenic patients
Published in Cut Adeya Adella, Stem Cell Oncology, 2018
E. Effendy, M.M. Amin, N. Utami, F.H. Sitepu
Over two decades of research has highlighted the relationship of cognitive performance with the neurotrophins system. Neurotrophins are a unique family of polypeptide growth factors with similar structures that are involved in the process of brain development, differentiation and survival of neurons, synaptic plasticity, and connectivity. The neurotrophins comprise of nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) (Bath et al., 2006). BDNF, a member of the neurotrophic family, is common in the mammalian brain and plays an important role in the development, regeneration, survival, maintenance, and function of the neuron (Zhang et al., 2015; Niitsu et al., 2011). BDNF is a protein highly involved in the development of the nervous system of all mammals, and in the regulation of synaptic transmission. During the period of development, BDNF has been involved in the survival of stem cells, neurogenesis, and neuronal differentiation along with polarisation and neuronal guidance. BNDF also regulates the plasticity aspect of the brain and is thus involved in cognitive function (Rowbotham et al., 2015).
Alzheimer’s Disease: Potential of Nanotailored Nutraceuticals
Published in Bhupinder Singh, Minna Hakkarainen, Kamalinder K. Singh, NanoNutraceuticals, 2019
Vandita Kakkar, Komal Saini, Suneera Adlakha, Indu Pal Kaur
After the CIs, the role of neurotrophins to promote the cell survival has been documented. They act by signaling via specific tyrosine kinase receptors, by engaging the internal cellular machinery to efficiently block the process of apoptosis to take place in damaged neurons. Neurotrophins are measured prospective therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative disorder (Nagahara and Tuszynski, 2011). Function of nerve growth factor (NGF) in sustaining the neuronal reliability, as well as survival in reaction to injury of the basal cholinergic forebrain neurons, has been indicated. Therefore, the NGF and related agents are purported to have neurorestorative as well as neuroprotective properties (Aloe et al., 2012).
Amphiphilic Nanocarrier Systems for Curcumin Delivery in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Published in Shaker A. Mousa, Raj Bawa, Gerald F. Audette, The Road from Nanomedicine to Precision Medicine, 2020
Miora Rakotoarisoa, Angelina Angelova
Second, neurotrophic factors deficiency has been reported in the severe neurodegenerative disorders 33]. Neurotrophins regulate the neuronal survival, differentiation, growth, and regeneration, as well as the synaptic plasticity. Studies have shown that the levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and its tropomyosin kinase B (TrkB) receptor are decreased in the hippocampus and the cerebral cortex at the beginning of the Alzheimer’s disease [11]. In addition, the administration of BDNF mimetics into transgenic mouse models of AD has enhanced learning and memory capacities [31].
Acute exercise increases BDNF serum levels in patients with Parkinson’s disease regardless of depression or fatigue
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2022
Lílian Viana dos Santos Azevedo, Jéssica Ramos Pereira, Renata Maria Silva Santos, Natalia Pessoa Rocha, Antônio Lúcio Teixeira, Paulo Pereira Christo, Victor Rodrigues Santos, Paula Luciana Scalzo
Like other neurotrophic factors, BDNF is synthesised as a precursor molecule – proBDNF – which is enzymatically modified into a mature isoform (mBDNF). This conversion is a consequence of intracellular (in trans-Golgi network or secretory granules) or extracellular cleavage (Adachi et al., 2014). Mature isoform binds preferentially to the tyrosine kinase B (TrkB) receptor, whereas the unprocessed isoform interacts primarily with the p75 neurotrophin (p75NTR) receptor (Adachi et al., 2014), and often produce opposite biological effects (Lu, Pang, & Wo, 2005). A dynamic balance between the isoforms can be observed, and the outcome depends on the cell context of the receptors and the selective secretion of isoforms (Adachi et al., 2014; Lu et al., 2005).
Different levels of physical activity and depression symptoms among older adults from 18 countries: A population-based study from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)
Published in European Journal of Sport Science, 2021
Adilson Marques, Margarida Gaspar de Matos, Joana Bordado, Élvio R. Gouveia, Miguel Peralta, Diego Gomez-Baya
Low physical activity (PA) is one of the modifiable risk factors for the onset of depression (Hallgren et al., 2017). PA is associated with lower risk of depression and suggested to be a an n evidence-based treatment for depression (Mammen & Faulkner, 2013; Rebar et al., 2015; Schuch et al., 2018; Schuch, Vancampfort, Richards, et al., 2016). Among older people, exercise was found to have a similar effect to antidepressants in the treatment of depression (Blumenthal, Babyak, & Moore, 1999), and seems that there is an underestimation of the positive clinical effects (Schuch, Vancampfort, Rosenbaum, et al., 2016). The underlying mechanisms that may explain the benefits of PA for depression are suggested to be twofold: biological and psychosocial. Proposed biological mechanisms include the neuroplasticity, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant benefits of regular PA. Several reviews have associated depression to the inflammatory profile (Kohler et al., 2017; Valkanova, Ebmeier, & Allan, 2013), and regular PA is known to reduce a number of inflammatory markers (Fedewa, Hathaway, & Ward-Ritacco, 2017; Fedewa, Hathaway, Ward-Ritacco, Williams, & Dobbs, 2018). Similarly, oxidative stress may contribute towards the pathophysiology of depression, and PA could can have a counterbalancing role (Kandola, Ashdown-Franks, Hendrikse, Sabiston, & Stubbs, 2019). Also, literature has shown that people with depression have lower levels of peripheral brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (Molendijk et al., 2014), which may contribute to the pathophysiology of depression. Regular PA increases concentration of several neurotrophic factors, including BDNF, thus possibly having a protective effect on depression (Coelho et al., 2013; Huang, Larsen, Ried-Larsen, Moller, & Andersen, 2014). As for psychosocial mechanisms, PA is associated to improved self-esteem and self-efficacy and more social support, that represent protective factors for depression symptoms (Kandola et al., 2019).