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Lupus Nephritis
Published in Richard K. Burt, Alberto M. Marmont, Stem Cell Therapy for Autoimmune Disease, 2019
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs. Studies of new therapies for SLE often involve, or may even be confined, to individuals with renal involvement because an unambiguous endpoint may be defined, i.e., time to dialysis. Although only 25-50% of patients with lupus demonstrate clinical and laboratory evidence of nephropathy early in the course of disease, 60-75% subsequently develop overt renal abnormalities. The clinical presentation of lupus nephritis is variable, ranging from minimal proteinuria and hematuria, to nephrotic syndrome and depressed renal function in severe cases. The classification of lupus nephritis is based upon light microscopy (WHO), immunoflorescence, and electron microscopy findings on renal biopsy.
Serum miRNA-146a and vitamin D values in chronic renal ailment with and without comorbid cardiovascular disease
Published in Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 2023
Fatma K. A. Hamid, Alshaymaa M. Alhabibi, Mona A. Mohamed, Hanaa Hussein El-Sayed, Nehad Rafaat Ibrahim, Ghadir Mohamed Hassan Elsawy, Entsar M. Ahmad
The present results support those of Aguado-Fraile et al. [36], who showed the value of serum miR-146a as a diagnostic biomarker of acute kidney injury capable of detecting patients at an early stage of the disease. According to Perez-Hernandez et al. [37], renal fibrosis brought on by lupus nephritis is associated with urine levels of miR-146a. According to a theory put up by Morishita et al. [38], miR-146a lowers renal fibrosis by obstructing pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic signaling pathways. CKD patients who had CVD complications had significantly higher blood levels of miR-146a, compared to the control group, but there was no statistically significant difference in miR-146a levels as compared to CKD patients. As a result, serum miR-146a levels seem to be of limited value in identifying CVD. High blood miR146a levels, which are elevated by coronary artery disease, have been linked to an independent prediction of cardiac events, according to Takahashi and colleagues [39]. This is consistent with the findings of Raitoharju et al. [40], who found that atherosclerotic artery tissues had higher levels of miR-146a than non-atherosclerotic artery tissues did.
Uncertainty-aware membranous nephropathy classification: A Monte-Carlo dropout approach to detect how certain is the model
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering: Imaging & Visualization, 2023
Paulo Chagas, Luiz Souza, Izabelle Pontes, Rodrigo Calumby, Michele Angelo, Angelo Duarte, Washington Lc-Dos Santos, Luciano Oliveira
Diving into the nephropathology field, Cicalese et al. (2020) introduced a deep-learning-based classification of kidney-level lupus nephritis with later uncertainty estimation. DenseNet (Huang et al. 2017) was adopted as CNN backbone and Monte-Carlo dropout was used for uncertainty estimation. Their pipeline was composed of a glomerular-level and a kidney-section-level classification, achieving competitive results for both types. Entropy was adopted as uncertainty score and, as occurred in previously cited works, high scores correlated to erroneous classifications. This correlation consistently occurring in several works justifies our proposal of using Monte-Carlo dropout for uncertainty estimation on the MN classification task.
Case series: rheumatological manifestations attributed to exposure to Libby Asbestiform Amphiboles
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part A, 2018
Roger Diegel, Brad Black, Jean C. Pfau, Tracy McNew, Curtis Noonan, Raja Flores
Interestingly, exposure to asbestiform amphiboles also increased the frequency of positive ANA tests in non-autoimmune prone mice and rats (Ferro et al. 2013; Pfau et al. 2008;, Salazar, et al. 2012b). Mice exposed to tremolite, a component of LAA (Meeker et al. 2003), exhibited positive ANA tests (primarily dsDNA and Ro-52), immune complex deposition in the kidneys and mild glomerular changes suggestive of lupus nephritis (Pfau et al. 2008). Amosite, also a component of LAA, was also shown to induce ANA in rats (Salazar et al. 2012b). However, exposure to these fibers in two rat models of arthritis failed to significantly elevate indicators of disease (Salazar et al. 2012a).