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Central nervous system
Published in A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha, Clark’s Procedures in Diagnostic Imaging: A System-Based Approach, 2020
A Stewart Whitley, Jan Dodgeon, Angela Meadows, Jane Cullingworth, Ken Holmes, Marcus Jackson, Graham Hoadley, Randeep Kumar Kulshrestha
The cerebrum is the largest part and occupies the anterior and middle cranial fossae. It is divided into the right and left cerebral hemispheres by the longitudinal fissure, which contains the falx cerebri. The two hemispheres are joined below the falx by the corpus callosum. Each hemisphere is divided into four lobes – frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital – that correspond to the overlying bony structure (Fig. 11.1b).
A Functional BCI Model by the P2731 working group: Physiology
Published in Brain-Computer Interfaces, 2021
Ali Hossaini, Davide Valeriani, Chang S. Nam, Raffaele Ferrante, Mufti Mahmud
The hemispheres are divided by the great longitudinal fissure which runs from the front to the back of the head, but a thick tract of flesh called the corpus callosum crosses the fissure. The corpus callosum contains nerves and other tissues that facilitate inter-hemispheric communication, and it enables the seemingly symmetrical hemispheres to perform specialized functions. Defects in the corpus callosum usually cause pathological symptoms, but some individuals who lack one show few effects. Even more surprising are cases of people who live with only one hemisphere [11]. This situation reflects an important consideration for BCI design: brains are highly adaptable. The brain’s adaptability works to the advantage of BCI, for instance in human-machine teaming, but it also creates ambiguities in BCI system design because mental operations vary among individuals.