China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Performance Evaluation of Machine Learning Classifiers for Memory Assessment Using EEG Signal
Published in Anand Sharma, Sunil Kumar Jangir, Manish Kumar, Dilip Kumar Choubey, Tarun Shrivastava, S. Balamurugan, Industrial Internet of Things, 2022
The brain is divided into different lobes, namely the Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, and Temporal lobes, each having specialized functions (Kumar & Bhuvaneswari, 2012). The frontal lobe has the control of memory, thinking ability, decision making, reasoning, impulse control, emotions, and speaking quality. In case this part gets injured, it may affect memory, emotions, and language. The Parietal Lobe is concerned with sensory information coming from different parts of the body. If there happens some damage to this part, the inability problem for recognizing and locating body parts may occur. The Occipital Lobe processes visual information and causes color blindness after getting an injury. The last one, Temporal Lobe, is responsible for sound and speech, precisely for hearing, recognizing language, and forming memories. It may create hearing loss and the problem of identifying languages after injury.
Current and Future Prospects in the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorders
Published in Suvardhan Kanchi, Rajasekhar Chokkareddy, Mashallah Rezakazemi, Smart Nanodevices for Point-of-Care Applications, 2022
Manu Sharma, Aishwarya Rathore, Sheelu Sharma, Kakarla Raghava Reddy, Veera Sadhu
Lungs are a pair of spongy air-filled organs responsible for gaseous exchange between the blood and inhaled air. The right lung has three lobes and is larger than the left lung which has two lobes. Hence, the right lung holds more air volume. The respiratory tract comprises conducting regions (trachea, bronchi, and bronchioles) and respiratory (peripheral) regions (respiratory bronchioles and alveolar regions) (Figure 7.2). The upper respiratory tract comprises the nose, throat, pharynx, and larynx whereas the trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveolar regions constitute lower respiratory tract. Airways can be simply described by a symmetric model according to which each airway divides into two equivalent branches. The trachea branches into two main bronchi. The right bronchus is wider and leaves the trachea at a smaller angle than the left bronchus and thus is more likely to receive inhaled material. The bronchi branch into terminal bronchioles which further divide to produce respiratory bronchioles. The bronchioles connected to alveolar ducts end in a tiny air sac called alveoli. Alveoli are elastic air sacs that resemble a small balloon where the exchange of gases with blood occurs [3]. Approximately 2 – 6 × 108 alveoli are present in an adult male. The conducting airways are lined by ciliated epithelium cells which facilitate sweeping upward of insoluble particles trapped in mucus deposited on airways by beating cilia and swallowing [4].
Cellular and Molecular Basis of Human Biology
Published in Lawrence S. Chan, William C. Tang, Engineering-Medicine, 2019
This includes the brain and spinal cord. It has in many components, including the brain itself (cerebral cortex, cerebellum, diencephalon), brain stem, and spinal cord. The brain cerebral cortex is further divided into several lobes: frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal, each of which has special controls of body functions (Reece et al. 2014). Frontal lobe: Controlling speech, decision making, and skeletal muscle motion.Parietal lobe: Controlling sensory functions.Occipital lobe: Controlling vision (image and object recognition).Temporal lobe: Controlling auditory functions (hearing).
Evaluating the cognitive and psychological effects of real-time auditory travel information on drivers using EEG
Published in Behaviour & Information Technology, 2023
Shubham Agrawal, Srinivas Peeta, Irina Benedyk
EEG measures the underlying electrical activity of the brain, mainly cerebrum, using electrodes (small metal disks) that are placed on the scalp. The cerebrum is the largest portion of the human brain and can be divided into four regions/lobes as illustrated in Figure 5: frontal, parietal (or centroparietal), temporal and occipital. The functionalities of each brain lobe have been extensively discussed in the neuroscience literature. The frontal lobe plays an important role in task planning, working memory, attention, and language articulation (Chayer and Freedman, 2001). It also shares the semantic and syntactic processing of auditory information with the temporal lobe (Friederici, 2011). The parietal lobe is associated with verbal-semantic processes (Doppelmayr et al., 2005) and visual attention (Bisley and Goldberg, 2010). The parietal and frontal lobes are also responsible for body motor functions (Marcus and Jacobson, 2003). The temporal lobe is generally associated with auditory information perception, memory, and language interpretation, while the occipital lobe is associated with visual information processing (Abhang et al., 2016a).
Developments in the human machine interface technologies and their applications: a review
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2021
Harpreet Pal Singh, Parlad Kumar
The brain has three main parts- cerebrum, cerebellum and brainstem, which are further fragmented into 52 discrete sections [26]. The cerebrum is divided into two cerebral hemispheres: left and right. Each hemisphere has four sections, called lobes: frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe and occipital lobe. In these four lobes, each lobe controls specific functions. The cerebrum specifically controls the limb's movements, learning, reasoning, emotions, memory, judgment, speech along with the senses of touch, hear and sight [27]. The function of the cerebellum part of the brain is to maintain the balance of the human body during locomotion superintendence, to establish the right body posture and to coordinate the muscles movements to perform several body movements in the right way [28]. The brainstem is the connecting part of the cerebrum and cerebellum to the spinal cord, which performs many involuntary muscle movements like breathing, eye movements, digestion, coughing, sneezing, vomiting along controlling the heart rate and body temperatures [29–32]. Another important function of the brain is to acquire the alertness level very quickly to process high priority signals [33].
Effects of augmented reality glasses on the cognitive load of assembly operators in the automotive industry
Published in International Journal of Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 2021
Hilal Atici-Ulusu, Yagmur Dila Ikiz, Ozlem Taskapilioglu, Tulin Gunduz
The signals were recorded through all 24 EEG channels of the EasyCap. The analyses were primarily based on the frontal, temporal and occipital region channels (Fp1, Fp2, F3, F4, F7, F8, T7, T8, O1, O2). The channels on the cap and the related brain regions are shown in mutually identical colors in Figure 5. The central electrodes in orange are in the region between the frontal and parietal. The functions of the frontal lobe involve decision-making, controlling emotions and problem-solving. The temporal lobe is important for hearing, long-term memory and speech. The occipital lobe mainly serves on visual perception. Since the diffusion task involves decision-making and memory processes and visual stimuli, the channels in these brain regions were taken into account.