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Medicinal Plants in Natural Health Care as Phytopharmaceuticals
Published in Anil K. Sharma, Raj K. Keservani, Surya Prakash Gautam, Herbal Product Development, 2020
This plant is the most widely used herb in numerous Ayurvedic preparations. The whole plant of Andrographis paniculata (A. paniculata) is used widely as an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drug for the treatment of fever, cold, laryngitis, diarrhoea and inflammation. It has also been used traditionally for sluggish liver as an antidote in the case of colic dysentery and dyspepsia. It is used as a bitter tonic, anti-spasmodic, anti-peristaltic, stomachic and anti-helmintic (Dhiman et al., 2012). Therapeutically active constituent of A. paniculata is present in the juice of its fresh leaves and aerial parts, which contains andrographolide. It is a colourless bicyclic diterpene lactone and Kalmeghin (up to 2.5%), with bitter taste. Several active constituents have been isolated from the leaf and rhizome; notable ones are andrographolide, deoxyandrographolide and other diterpenes. The amount of the active constituents present in the plant depends on various factors such as topographical conditions, harvesting time and the processing method.
Combined Exposure
Published in Fina P. Kaloyanova, Mostafa A. El Batawi, Human Toxicology of Pesticides, 2019
Fina P. Kaloyanova, Mostafa A. El Batawi
Allergic diseases in agricultural workers are often related to pesticides.29,30 Vasher and Vallet published a study on the frequency and etiology of allergies supposedly caused by pesticides and fertilizers used in France for 10 years.31 Out of a total of 9864 allergies, 690 (14%) could be attributed to pesticides and fertilizers. According to the clinical picture, the authors arranged them in the following order: Allergies with predominating skin manifestations, 511 cases including 412 cases of contact dermatitis and 89 cases of atopic and other dermatitis (urticaria and angioneurotic edema of Quincke, simple erythema nodosum, pigment erythema, nonthrombopenic purpura, and erythrodermia)Respiratory allergy, 117 cases (including asthma in 17% of the cases)Blood manifestations, 15 cases, e.g. isolated eosinophilia, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, and thrombopenic purpuraSerum disease, 8 casesAnaphylactic shock (as an exception), 4 casesOtorhinolaryngologic disturbances, 28 cases (rhinitis, sinuitis, laryngitis, otitis)
Biological hazards
Published in Sue Reed, Dino Pisaniello, Geza Benke, Principles of Occupational Health & Hygiene, 2020
Margaret Davidson, Ryan Kift, Sue Reed
Certain bioaerosols can act as irritants, cause airway blockages or stimulate the innate immune system, even when they do not produce an allergic response in the worker. One of the most common symptoms, mucous membrane irritation (MMI), which may appear consistently during the work shift, may take the form of irritation and inflammation of the upper respiratory tract—conjunctivitis, sinusitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis and tracheitis. There may also be a chronic cough or bronchitis (Rusca et al., 2008; Schlosser et al., 2009). Important non-allergenic diseases include non-allergic asthma, inhalation fever and ODTS.
A comprehensive summary of disease variants implicated in metal allergy
Published in Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Part B, 2022
Immediate hypersensitivity laryngitis is an allergic response that manifests in the upper airways and selectively affects the larynx (Campagnolo and Benninger 2019). Although the larynx may be one of the tissues involved in other allergic responses of the respiratory tract (e.g., asthma and rhinitis), immediate hypersensitivity laryngitis is characterized by an isolated site of involvement following antigen challenge. The immediate onset of symptoms in this condition suggests involvement from antigen-specific IgE molecules, although the underlying mechanisms of immediate hypersensitivity laryngitis have yet to be specifically determined. Although similar immunological mechanisms may be involved in this condition and other immediate-type allergic responses of the respiratory tract, immediate hypersensitivity laryngitis tends to emerge independently of other allergic diseases and is rarely identified in conjunction with asthma.