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Estimation of Bacterial Numbers by Indirect Methods
Published in Maria Csuros, Csaba Csuros, Klara Ver, Microbiological Examination of Water and Wastewater, 2018
Maria Csuros, Csaba Csuros, Klara Ver
The rapid indole test is performed with dimethylamino-cinnamaldehyde reagent, which turns blue or blue-green in the presence of indole. The blue-green compound formed by indole and cinnamalde-hyde is visualized by rubbing bacteria that produce tryptophanase on filter paper impregnated with the substrate.
A marine chitinase from Bacillus aryabhattai with antifungal activity and broad specificity toward crystalline chitin degradation
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2022
Arun Kumar Subramani, Ritu Raval, Subramaniam Sundareshan, Rashmi Sivasengh, Keyur Raval
A total of 57 closely spaced colonies were visible after the first round of isolation. A second serial dilution and subsequent growth on the chitin-containing agar plate revealed nine separately distinguished colonies. Four rounds of purification of these colonies were carried out, and these purified colonies were further screened for their ability to hydrolyze chitin. The plates for the isolates were later flooded with Lugol’s iodine, wherein in one of the isolates SED 1, the zone was visible after two days of incubation (Figure 1). The chitinase present in the SED1 strain showed the halo zone in the Lugol’s iodine presence. A similar observation of the hydrolysate was reported by Gupta et al. [33] in Paenibacillus sp. isolated from a marine sample. The biochemical tests for primary identification were unrevealed. The SED1 strain was a motile, gram-positive, bacterium. It is amylase producers, catalase, MR-VP, glucose, lactose, and fructose positive. The isolate was fermentative without H2S gas production and negative for the indole test. The initial biochemical characterization of isolate hinted at it being Bacillus species. To further classify, 16S rRNA gene analysis was performed. The phylogenetic positioning (Figure S1) confirmed that the strain SED1 was Bacillus aryabhattai strain (16 s rRNA Genbank Accession number: NR_118442). The isolate SED 1 has been submitted to National Culture for Microbial Resource (NCMR), India, with the accession ID MCC 3987.
A study on the utility of immobilized cells of indigenous bacteria for biodegradation of reactive azo dyes
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2020
Koushik Pandey, Purbasha Saha, K. V. Bhaskara Rao
Potent isolates VITAKB20 and KPB6 were identified up to the genus level according the Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology (Bergey, 2000). Microscopic tests revealed that VITAKB20 and KPB6 were gram-positive rods. Isolate VITAKB20 showed positive result for both catalase and oxidase test while isolate KPB6 showed positive result for catalase production and negative result for oxidase production. Capsule was produced by VITAKB20 but not by KPB6. Both VITAKB20 and KPB6 were spore formers. Isolate VITAKB20 was motile but isolate KPB6 was non-motile. Both the isolates tested negative for indole test. VITAKB20 tested positive and KPB6 tested negative for methyl red test, Voges-Proskauer test, citrate utilization test, and nitrate reductase test. They showed no growth on MacConkey agar plate. Isolate VITAKB20 was capable of utilizing urea, but KPB6 was incapable of utilizing urea. Among the sugars, VITAKB20 was capable of metabolizing glucose, sucrose, maltose, starch, while KPB6 was incapable of metabolizing any sugar. Further, the 16S rRNA sequence ofVITAKB20 showed 100% identity with Bacillus megaterium and KPB6 showed 99% identity with Lysinibacillus macroides when analyzed by BLAST. The 16S rRNA gene sequence for VITAKB20 and KPB6 has been submitted to the GenBank under the accession numbers MH266622.1 and MH542661.1 (Figure 9).
Bioelectricity production and desalination of Halomonas sp. – the preliminary integrity approach
Published in Biofuels, 2019
R. Uma Maheswari, C. Mohanapriya, P. Vijay, K.S. Rajmohan, M. Gopinath
Selected bacterial and fungal colonies based on morphology and colors were further streaked on the nutrition agar with the additional supplement of sodium chloride in the range 12–15%. Sub-cultured bacterial and fungal isolates were further grown on nutritional broth with 20% sodium chloride. The plain agar medium with 15% sodium chloride was used as supplement to check whether the microorganism intook salt or not, devoid of other major nutrients. The biochemical tests (IMVCC) were performed according to the microvision lab manual, such as the indole test, methyl red test, Voges-Prokauer tests, citrate test and catalase. Other than that, gram staining tests and archeal tests were done for specifying archeal species. The growth rates of bacteria and archaea were observed for 5 days using UV–visible spectrometer in the visible range of 600 nm in order to cross check the dominant growth rate among them.