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Hot and Cold Environments: Temperature Extremes
Published in Martin B., S.Z., of Industrial Hygiene, 2018
Heat cramps are best treated with rest and electrolyte replacement. The salts should be in solution, rather than in the form of salt tablets. Dietary salt could also be a source of electrolytes. Prevention can be practiced by ensuring that workers have adequate water and salt intake.
Technical textiles for military applications
Published in The Journal of The Textile Institute, 2020
R. G Revaiah, T. M. Kotresh, Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian
Heat Cramps: Heat cramp is second stage of heat illness that results due to the low salt levels in the muscle due to profuse sweating. During excessive sweating, as mentioned earlier, body can lose up to 0.5% precious salt. Overconsumption of water without supplemental salt for period greater than 4 h results in ‘hyponatremia’ (a condition in which serum sodium level is less than 130 mmol/g) (Howe & Boden, 2007), which in severe case may warrant hospitalization. Heat cramps symptoms are spasms or muscle pain in the abdomen, arms or the legs. A typical remedial measure is to abstain from physically taxing work, drinking salt supplemented juice/sports drink (Schleh & Dumke, 2018) and resting in a cool place.
A review of construction workforce health challenges and strategies in extreme weather conditions
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Sanjgna Karthick, Sharareh Kermanshachi, Apurva Pamidimukkala, Mostafa Namian
As dehydration is one of most common and dangerous results of working in extremely hot temperatures, workers should be made aware of the ways that it compromises their health and should be encouraged to consume sufficient liquids at regular intervals [86]. Heat cramps are common among outdoor workers but can be prevented by drinking adequate fluids that contain salt and electrolytes, as they help keep the body hydrated and facilitate perspiration [34]. Workers should be instructed to pace themselves when they are working in extremely hot temperatures [86].