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Antiviral Drugs as Tools for Nanomedicine
Published in Devarajan Thangadurai, Saher Islam, Charles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Viral and Antiviral Nanomaterials, 2022
Currently, preventative vaccines are being developed using weakened or harmless virus forms to impart and invoke the immune system, which can then recognise and fight with the potential threats. These therapeutic vaccines compel the immune system to attack cancer cells. Four vaccines have been designed to treat or prevent cancer:Sipuleucel-T: The first therapeutic cancer vaccine that received the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval for treatment of some forms of prostrate cancer. It uses a patient’s re-engineered cells, which are then injected back into the body to help activate the immune system.Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG): It is widely used as a preventative vaccine for tuberculosis, but also used as a therapeutic vaccine to treat very early stages of bladder cancer.Hepatitis B vaccine (HBV): HBV became the first FDA-approved vaccine to prevent cancer. Children receive the HBV vaccine soon after birth to prevent liver cancer, as recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine: These are the preventive vaccines designed for protection against infections from HPV strains responsible for many cancers.
Development of HPV58 type-specific antibodies and detection kit
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
Yuying Liu, Yao Zhang, Guifeng Zhang, Zengmin Yang, Yan Wang, Shuming Wu, Dan Chen, Haijiang Zhang, Yongjiang Liu
In the process of vaccine development, in vitro potency is usually measured by the double antibody sandwich ELISA method, and the requirements for the antibodies used, in addition to one of the paired antibodies being a neutralizing antibody, are that they must be specific. Since a multivalent vaccine, is a mixture of multiple HPV antigens, to measure the in vitro potency of each HPV antigen, the target antigen must first be specifically detected. The most available valence type is 9-valent HPV vaccine, while our 15-valent HPV vaccine is the ongoing product that has been approved by the CFDA for clinical trials (clinical trial approval number is 2022LP00449), which is by far the most valence type among all the declared clinical products in the world. Furthermore, no specific HPV 58 antibody has been reported for specifically detecting 15-valence vaccine yet.
Connective data: Markov chain models and the datafication of cervical cancer and HPV vaccination in Colombia
Published in Tapuya: Latin American Science, Technology and Society, 2021
Oscar Javier Maldonado Castañeda
This analysis approaches Markov chains as a device that is key in the calculation of the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccines and in the estimation of the burden of disease of cervical cancer and genital warts in Colombia. Cervical cancer is strongly associated with the persistent and untreated infection of specific types of Human Papillomavirus (HPV). There are currently two vaccines that protect against the HPV types associated with 70% of cervical cancers. The technical studies developed in the introduction of HPV vaccines have justified it as right intervention based on the national epidemiological profile of the population and the burden of the disease in the country. After three years of debate about their cost-effectiveness, in 2012 the Colombian government introduced Gardasil® (Merck’s HPV vaccine) into the Colombian Expanded Programme of Immunization. Since that year, three million girls have received the vaccine in Colombia. The National Committee of Immunization Practices (NCIP) on behalf of the Ministry of Health approved the introduction of Gardasil into the expanded programme of immunization based on cost-effectiveness analyses developed by the National University. Markov chains constitute the key statistical device to produce the numbers that are required for policy discussion.
Production of codon-optimized Human papillomavirus type 52 L1 virus-like particles in Pichia pastoris BG10 expression system
Published in Preparative Biochemistry & Biotechnology, 2023
Kartika Sari Dewi, Sheila Chairunnisa, Sri Swasthikawati, Dian Fitria Agustiyanti, Apon Zainal Mustopa, Wien Kusharyoto, Ratih Asmana Ningrum
The most effective way to prevent cervical cancer and disease-related HPV virus is vaccination. However, the high price makes HPV vaccine limited for women in middle-low-income countries. Since the prevalence of cervical cancer continues to increase in underdeveloped countries, many researchers are trying to develop a generic HPV vaccine without compromising the quality.