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Nanostructures for Improving the Oral Bioavailability of Herbal Medicines
Published in Bhaskar Mazumder, Subhabrata Ray, Paulami Pal, Yashwant Pathak, Nanotechnology, 2019
The small intestine is well perfused with a rich network of blood and lymphatic vessels on its walls. As the blood leaving the small intestine flows into the hepatic portal vein that carries it through the liver into systemic circulation, an absorbed drug may be metabolized in the liver before it reaches general circulation. This pre-systemic metabolism is called first-pass metabolism. Some drugs are so extensively pre-metabolized that their bioavailability from the oral route may eventually become insignificant.
Introduction to Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery
Published in Raj K. Keservani, Anil K. Sharma, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Drug Delivery Approaches and Nanosystems, 2017
Raj K. Keservani, Rajesh K. Kesharwani, Anil K. Sharma
Transdermal route of drug administration have unique advantages drug bypass the first pass metabolism and reaches in the systemic circulation. Painless, noninvasive, and patient-friendly application of patches offers good patient compliance and patches are also easy to remove in the event of hyperinsulinemia (Mugumu, 2006).
Modelling uptake and transport of therapeutic agents through the lymphatic system
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
T. D. Jayathungage Don, V. Suresh, J. E. Cater, R. J. Clarke
The lymphatic system offers an appealing route for delivery of drugs to treat diseases like cancer and HIV, as well as immunize against viral and bacterial infections (Khan et al. 2013; Trevaskis et al. 2020). Drugs that are administered orally are affected by the first-pass metabolism, which reduces their concentration before reaching the systemic circulation. By contrast, the lymphatic route can transport larger molecules and bypass the first-pass metabolism of the liver (Richter et al. 2012). Novel lipid-based drugs are suitable for lymphatic delivery, and have unique advantages over colloidal drugs. For example, improved release control and better chemical stability (Ahn and Park 2016).