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Cross-Linked Polymers for Drug Delivery Systems
Published in Munmaya K. Mishra, Applications of Encapsulation and Controlled Release, 2019
Wan et al. loaded DOX onto temperature-sensitive in situ gel formulations for the treatment of liver cancer via intratumoral administration. The release of DOX was 9.4% in 24 h and 60% over a period of 10 days. The formulation exhibited an excellent antitumor effect against H22 tumor after intratumoral administration in vivo. In vivo biodistribution of DOX indicated good DOX retention in the tumor tissues when compared with the free DOX solution after intratumoral injection [84]. Chen et al. developed a phospholipid-based in situ gel for the intratumoral administration of paclitaxel in a brain glioma–bearing mice model [85]. An in vivo tolerability study showed good tolerability after the mice were treated with the drug-loaded formulation when compared with the free paclitaxel. The survival time of brain glioma–bearing mice after treatment with the formulation was extended significantly when compared with mice treated with the free drug [85]. Fong et al. prepared a folic acid–conjugated graphene oxide–based encapsulated onto hyaluronic acid-chitosan-g-poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) in situ gel for the targeted delivery of DOX via intratumoral administration. The release of DOX was pH dependent. Intratumoral administration of the drug-loaded in situ gel formulation in BALB/c nude mice subcutaneously implanted with MCF-7 cells showed that relative tumor size reduced continuously for up to 11 days with a significant tumor inhibition ratio of 52% after 21 days when compared with the free drug. These results demonstrated the capability of the formulation to extensively destroy tumor tissues, thereby enhancing the therapeutic efficiency. The enhanced intracellular uptake of the formulation resulted in the high tumor-killing ability when compared with free DOX [86]. Li et al. reported in situ gel formulation prepared by the reaction of a PEG derivative with α,β-polyaspartylhydrazide and loaded with DOX for cancer chemotherapy. The intratumoral administration of the formulation in mice with human fibrosarcoma indicated significant inhibition of tumor growth when compared with mice treated with the free DOX solution [87]. Ning et al. prepared in situ gels from thiolated chitosan and PEG diacrylate and loaded them with curcumin and lysozymes. The release of curcumin was sustained in a controlled lysozyme-responsive behavior, allowing the drug concentration to reach a therapeutic threshold quickly. The formulation delayed tumor growth and reduced side effects in tumor-bearing nude mice [88].
Anticancer activity of vanadium nanoparticles against human breast cancer: an in vitro study
Published in Inorganic and Nano-Metal Chemistry, 2023
Canan Vejselova Sezer, Hatice Mehtap Kutlu
The anticancer effect of vanadium has been investigated in many malignant cell lines, with their biochemical and molecular mechanisms. These cell lines are B- and T-cell lymphoma, hepatoma, osteosarcoma, testicular, breast, uterine, kidney, lung, nasopharynx, and esophageal carcinoma cells.[11,12] Researchers have shown the antitumor effect of (+4) sodium metavanadate and (+4) vanadyl sulfate as vanadium compounds in many in vitro studies on lymphoma, T-cell leukemia, erythroleukemia, basophilic leukemia, liver cancer, ovarian cancer, testicular cancer, and cancers of esophagus and bone.[6,13,14] It has also been demonstrated that vanadium (NaVO3) inhibits cancer cell viability in human lung (A549) and breast cancer (A549) cells.[5] The cytotoxic and antitumor effects of vanadyl sulfate and bis malato orthovanadium on mouse fibrosarcoma cells (L929), rat pheochromocytoma cells (PC12), human liver carcinoma cells (HepG2) and mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH/3T3) were investigated in various studies. It was found that its cytotoxic effect on 3T3 cells was lower than its cytotoxic effect on other tested cancer cells, and that this cytotoxicity varied depending on the dose and cell type.[15]