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In Vitro Testing
Published in Julián Blasco, Ilaria Corsi, Ecotoxicology of Nanoparticles in Aquatic Systems, 2019
Alberto Katsumiti, Miren P. Cajaraville
One important factor to take into account when evaluating the toxicity in vitro of NMs is their interaction with different components of the cell culture media. A standard complete medium is generally composed by a buffered solution containing proteins, vitamins, amino acids and ionic salts, supplemented with antibiotics and serum (e.g., newborn calf serum, NCS; foetal calf or bovine serum, FCS/FBS). Commercial media such as Dulbelco’s modified Eagle medium (DMEM), Roswell Park Memorial Institute medium (RPMI1640), Basal Medium Eagle (BME) and Leibovitz L-15 medium are widely used for mammalian cell culture and for the culture of cells from aquatic organisms such as mussels and fish. It is recommended to avoid the use of media with a high protein content for NMs exposure (Drasler et al. 2017) since proteins represent one of the most important medium components that affect the stability of NMs in the cell culture media. Thus, the selection of a low protein content medium such as the minimum essential medium (MEM) could be a worthy option. The use of serum may also influence NMs’ properties and availability to the cells. Tedja et al. (2012) reported that FBS reduced aggregate size of TiO2 NPs increasing cellular uptake of NPs in A549 and H1299 lung cell lines. Serum proteins adsorbed to gold nanorods’ surface switched their positive charge to negative, affecting significantly their uptake and toxicity (Alkilany et al. 2009). In order to avoid interference of serum with the NMs, in vitro toxicity tests can be performed in serum-free medium or in a medium with a reduced serum content (in case it is essential for cells maintenance) as the amount and source of serum proteins can strongly affect NMs interaction with the cells (Lesniak et al. 2010, Drasler et al. 2017).
Evaluation of Nigella sativa oil loaded electrospun polyurethane nanofibrous mat as wound dressing
Published in Journal of Biomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 2021
Cansu Aras, Elif Tümay Özer, Gökhan Göktalay, Gülbahar Saat, Esra Karaca
The human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (HUVEC, CRL-1730, ATCC) was used to investigate the cytotoxicity of the electrospun mats. The cell viability was determined with a water-soluble tetrazolium (WST-1) cell proliferation kit (Bosterbio, USA) based on a colorimetric assay. Ethyl alcohol from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, USA) was used to prevent contamination and provide sterilization. Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) used as cell medium was supplied from Sigma- Aldrich (St. Louis, USA).