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Nanomaterials-Based Wearable Biosensors for Healthcare
Published in Sibel A. Ozkan, Bengi Uslu, Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk, Biosensors, 2023
Jose Marrugo-Ramírez, L. Karadurmus, Miguel Angel Aroca, Emily P. Nguyen, Cecilia de Carvalho Castro e Silva, Giulio Rosati, Johann F. Osma, Sibel A. Ozkan, Arben Merkoçi
Cardiovascular diseases: Cardiovascular diseases are a few of the many life-threatening statuses that can be detected and efficiently cured using the wearable sensor. Wearable sensors are distinctively used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a general nomenclature given to the group that includes diseases of the heart or blood vessels. Cardiovascular disease describes any disease that affects the circulatory system. These include numerous heart-related complications such as cardiac arrest, arrhythmia, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, etc. More than 17 million people die from CVDs each year, which is around 31% of all deaths worldwide. If the current situation is allowed to persist, it is estimated that by 2030, an estimated 23.6 million people will die from cardiovascular disease (33–39).
Analysis of Heart Disease Prediction Using Various Machine Learning Techniques
Published in J. Dinesh Peter, Steven Lawrence Fernandes, Carlos Eduardo Thomaz, Advances in Computerized Analysis in Clinical and Medical Imaging, 2019
M. Marimuthu, S. Deivarani, R. Gayathri
Coronary heart disease or coronary artery disease is the narrowing of the coronary arteries. The coronary arteries supply oxygen and blood to the heart. It is the most common type of heart disease leading to death. High blood glucose in diabetes patients can damage blood vessels and nerves that control the heart and blood vessels. If a person has diabetes for a longer time, there are high chances for that person to have heart disease in future. With diabetes, there are other reasons that contribute to heart disease. Smoking increases the risk of developing heart disease, high blood pressure makes the heart work harder to pump blood and it can strain the heart and damage blood vessels, abnormal cholesterol levels also contribute to heart disease and obesity. Also, family history of heart disease can be another cause, which is out of scope of this chapter.
Nanodevices for Early Diagnosis of Cardiovascular Disease: Advances, Challenges, and Way Ahead
Published in Alok Dhawan, Sanjay Singh, Ashutosh Kumar, Rishi Shanker, Nanobiotechnology, 2018
Alok Pandya, Madhuri Bollapalli
Coronary heart disease, also known as coronary artery disease, is that in which a waxy substance called plaque builds up inside the coronary arteries (Ahmad, 2005). These arteries supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. When plaque builds up in the arteries, the condition is called atherosclerosis. The buildup of plaque occurs over many years. Atherosclerosis is a specific disease of the intima (inner layer) of the arteries, not necessarily related to aging, and is responsible for the most prevalent serious disease of the heart, coronary-artery disease. It typically affects the aorta and the arteries supplying blood to the heart, the brain, and the lower extremities. It should not be confused with arteriosclerosis, commonly known as hardening of the arteries, a degenerative process affecting the arteries that is a part of aging. It affects the arterial intima as well as the media (middle layer), producing abnormalities that generally do not have adverse effects on the flow of blood in the arteries. Today, doctors diagnose CHD based on a person's medical and family histories, risk factors for CHD, physical examination, and the results from tests and procedures. No single test can diagnose CHD. If a physician suspects CHD, he or she may recommend one or more of the tests that will be discussed further.
Identifying heart disease risk factors from electronic health records using an ensemble of deep learning method
Published in IISE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering, 2023
Linkai Luo, Yue Wang, Daniel Y. Mo
Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In the United States, heart disease and related diseases account for more than 600,000 deaths annually (CDC, 2022). The annual total cost due to heart diseases has been reported to reach 108.9 billion dollars, including medications, medical services, and lost productivity (Heidenreich et al., 2011). The development of heart disease is complicated and depends on numerous risk factors. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines these as “any attribute, characteristic or exposure of an individual that increases the likelihood of developing a disease or injury” (WHO, 2023). Medical research has indicated that risk factors related to heart disease include lifestyle factors such as smoking, hereditary factors such as family history of heart disease, and specific clinical conditions such as coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension (Dokken, 2008). Identifying and reducing potential risk factors are critically important for early prevention and treatment and to reduce the incidence of heart disease worldwide.
On inlet pressure boundary conditions for CT-based computation of fractional flow reserve: clinical measurement of aortic pressure
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2023
Jincheng Liu, Suqin Huang, Xue Wang, Bao Li, Junling Ma, Yutong Sun, Jian Liu, Youjun Liu
According to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and World Health Organization (Dantas et al. 2012; Murphy et al. 2013), cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, accounting for about 30% of deaths. Coronary artery disease (CAD), the most common cardiovascular disease, can lead to myocardial ischemia and even death (Abubakar et al. 2015). For example, arterial stenosis or obstruction during coronary atherosclerosis often results in myocardial ischemia. However, anatomically, there is no absolute correlation between severe coronary stenosis and functional myocardial ischemia. It has been reported that only 35% of lesions with moderate coronary stenosis (40%-80% diameter stenosis) ultimately induces severe myocardial ischemia (Pijls et al. 2010).
Computational analysis of designing an improved coronary stents of biodegradable Poly-lactic Acid (PLA)
Published in Australian Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2022
Salim Lounansa, Hacene Ameddah, Hammoudi Mazouz, Ebrahim Ahmed Ali Alkebsi
In the treatment of atherosclerotic coronary arteries, designing and manufacturing stents play a substantial role in achieving the highest efficiency in the mechanical behaviour of stents and haemodynamic flow in arteries (Antoniadis et al. 2015; Maleckis et al. 2018; Schiavone 2015). When designing stents, it is important to consider that they will work under biological and mechanical conditions (Peng et al. 2019). To design a Stent with the desirable mechanical and chemical properties, we need to select the type that fits the complex environment (the dynamic chemical and physiological) in terms of: The design that helps achieve mechanical performance and optimum flow of blood.Materials (the biomaterial that gives the stent high efficiency and is bioresorbable in the physiological environment).The technique for manufacturing (stent manufacturing taking into account its complex design).