China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Products
Published in Emmanuel Tsekleves, Rachel Cooper, Design for Health, 2017
Abby Paterson, Richard Bibb, K. Downey, Jari Pallari
There are several variations of braces available, the most common being the Boston Brace: a prefabricated module consisting of a polypropylene shell lined with polyethylene foam. The edges of the shell are manually trimmed and pressure pads placed at the apex of a curve. This type of brace may need to be worn up to 20 hours a day. Weinstein et al. (2013) concluded the benefit of bracing increased with longer hours of brace wear, whilst Rahman et al. (2005) found a direct correlation between compliance and efficacy. Katz and Durrani (2001) also showed that increased brace wear correlated with not only lack of curve progression but also avoidance of surgical treatment.
Control devices and control systems
Published in You-Lin Xu, Jia He, Smart Civil Structures, 2017
The two primary components of an active brace control device are a bracing system and a control device (i.e. actuator). A bracing system mainly includes three types: diagonal, K-braces and X-braces. For the control device, a servovalve-controlled hydraulic actuator is capable of providing a large control force and is often utilised in such an active system. A schematic diagram of an active brace control system with a hydraulic actuator mounted on a K-brace is given in Figure 4.17. The cylinder and piston of the actuator are, respectively, connected to the structural floor and the brace. When the building structure is under earthquake excitation, structural responses are measured by the corresponding sensors and utilised as feedbacks in the predetermined control algorithm. According to the control signal obtained from the algorithm, the control force is then generated by the hydraulic actuator for vibration attenuation. Similar to active tendon devices, the active brace device can be installed without too many modifications of the structure.
The Effects of Functional Knee Bracing on Injury Prevention and Sport Performance
Published in Youlian Hong, Routledge Handbook of Ergonomics in Sport and Exercise, 2013
Sergej M. Ostojic, Marko Stojanovic, Boris Vukomanovic
A knee brace is a supportive implement worn by athletes and non-athletes to protect and/or support the knee joint, either after a medial collateral ligament, ACL or other knee injury, or to prevent one. Knee braces fit into several categories: prophylactic braces, functional braces, rehabilitative braces and unloader braces (Paluska and McKeag, 2000; Rishiraj et al., 2009). Functional knee braces (FKBs) gained popularity among elite athletes from the 1970s after a seminal study on the effectiveness of the first FKB (Anderson Knee Stabler, Omni Scientific Inc., Laffayette, IL, USA) in 52 patients following reconstruction of knee anteromedial instability (Nicholas, 1973). Authors reported enhanced stability for injured knees after combined use of knee braces along with a properly directed and strictly executed exercise programme. In general, FKBs are designed to reduce knee instability following injury to the ACL, decrease additional injuries during athletic activities and, following reconstructive surgery, reduce strain in an ACL graft (Rishiraj et al., 2009). FKBs are usually promoted to provide stability for unstable knees in sporting activities that require rapid directional changes (e.g. jumping, twisting, pivoting or cutting activities). They are intended to limit tibial rotation and anteroposterior translation, attenuate knee discomfort and pain, and enhance performance and confidence during sporting events (Chew et al., 2007). Despite much research having been conducted in the area of FKB application, the efficacy of these devices remains in question.
Medical textiles
Published in Textile Progress, 2020
Scoliosis Braces have been used as nonoperative treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, curvature of the spine, for approximately 60 years. Over this period of time, a variety of orthoses have been utilised with more in development [614]. There are many different brace designs but all have the same common objective; to restore normal contours and align the spine by means of external forces (see Figure 14). In some designs the simulation of active correction occurs as the patient moves the spine away from pressures within the braces [615]. Studies of bracing in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis suggested that bracing decreases risk of curve progression but results were inconsistent, observational and compliance can be an issue. A multicentre randomised controlled trial conducted in the United States and Canada concluded that bracing significantly decreased the progression of high-risk curves to the threshold for surgery in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Furthermore, longer hours of brace wear were associated with greater benefit [615]. More recently, a Cochrane Review assessed the different types of braces – broadly, rigid or elastic, and quantified which brace is most suitable for which degree of curvature [616]. Brace wear varies across clinicians and may range from 12 to 23 hours a day until skeletal maturity is reached. There are recognised practical issues with braces including limited clothing choice, interference with sport and activity and self-consciousness about the brace [617].
Ankle sprain bracing solutions and future design consideration for civilian and military use
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Yingjun Zhao Dubuc, Brittney Mazzone, Adam J. Yoder, Elizabeth Russell Esposito, Tae Hoon Kang, Kenneth J. Loh, Shawn Farrokhi
Currently, a variety of ankle braces are available on the marketplace that have been evaluated in the literature. Most ankle braces can be categorized as one of the following three brace designs: sleeves, lace-ups, or stirrups (Table 1). In addition, several emerging orthoses with specific inversion-prevention designs have also been developed.
Development of natural fibres reinforced composites for the production of orthopaedic cast
Published in Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology, 2020
Isaac O. Igba, Solomon C. Nwigbo
Orthopaedic casts represent an important medical technology in the treatment of fractures and bone-related injuries by medical personnel. They are braces used in hospitals to immobilise patient’s limbs (who have suffered fractures and/or other related bone injuries) to minimise disturbance of such injuries and allow proper healing of broken bones or fractures.